Chapter 23 (High Renaissance/Mannerism)

Question 1

In the ____, a band of Calvinists destroyed art works in Catholic churches in the Netherlands.

Answer 1

Great Iconoclasm

Question 2

The monumental composition and sculpturesque form in Hans Holbein’s The French Ambassadors reflects the influence of ____.

Answer 2

Italian Art

Question 3

The depiction of different months from ____ influenced Bruegel’s Hunters in the Snow.

Answer 3

Books of Hours

Question 4

The Battle of Issus may be a reference to the contemporary ____.

Answer 4

struggle against the Turks

Question 5

Which of the following made up the territory known as the Netherlands in the 16th century?

Answer 5

Luxembourg, Holland, and Belgium

Question 6

The German artist who was dubbed with the title ‘painter of the Reformation’ is ____.

Answer 6

Lucas Cranach the Elder

Question 7

Which of the following defines the act of destroying religious imagery?

Answer 7

Iconoclasm

Question 8

Saints Anthony and Sebastian appear in Grünewald’s Isenheim Altarpiece because of their association with ____.

Answer 8

disease and miraculous cures

Question 9

In Dürer’s Melencolia I, the ____ is an optimistic note suggesting that the artist can overcome depression.

Answer 9

burst of light on the horizon

Question 10

Jean Clouet presented Francis I as a ____.

Answer 10

worldly leader

Question 11

Which of the following styles would most appeal to the court of Francis I?

Answer 11

Mannerism

Question 12

Who is the artist who created the miniature portrait of Elizabeth I?

Answer 12

Levina Teerlinc

Question 13

In Money-Changer and His Wife by Quentin Massys, the artist warns that ____ are a distraction from religious life.

Answer 13

financial transactions

Question 14

Bruegel’s Netherlandish Proverbs is reminiscent of the topsy-turvy scenes by ____.

Answer 14

Bosch

Question 15

Attributes of El Greco’s style, such as elongated figures in an undefined space, are often characterized as ____.

Answer 15

Mannerist

Question 16

Who created Knight, Death, and the Devil?

Answer 16

Albrecht Dürer

Question 17

El Escorial is in which country?

Answer 17

Spain

Question 18

Which artist did a series of six paintings showing seasonal changes?

Answer 18

Pieter Bruegel

Question 19

In El Greco’s View of Toledo, the artist departed from Renaissance painters by not painting ____.

Answer 19

buildings in detail

Question 20

In Dürer’s print of the Fall of Man, the idealization of Adam and Eve is tempered by the ____ of the background.

Answer 20

naturalism

Question 21

Which of the following artists excelled in portraiture?

Answer 21

Hans Holbein

Question 22

In the 16th century, Spain supported which of the following?

Answer 22

Interests of the Catholic Church

Question 23

In his Self-Portrait, Durer’s hand position may be a reference to ____.

Answer 23

the artist’s hand as a creative instrument and a priest’s sign of blessing (but the latter only vaugley because otherwise it would have been blasphemy)

Question 24

What anamorphic symbol appears in Holbein’s The French Ambassadors?

Answer 24

Skull

Question 25

Who was the monarch that made a concerted effort to elevate his country's cultural profile by inviting esteemed Italian artists to his court?

Answer 25

Francis I

Question 26

____ was the style that appealed to the French king, Francis I, because of its elegant, erotic, and unorthodox features.

Answer 26

Mannerism

Question 27

Which of the following artists traveled to Italy yet chose not to incorporate classical elements into his work?

Answer 27

Pieter Bruegel

Question 28

Why is Dürer compared to Leonardo? How is he different?

Answer 28

1) Like Leonardo, Dürer wrote theoretical treatises on a variety of subjects. 2) Like Leonardo, he maintained that careful observation was essential for any artist and his endeavor. 3) Unlike Leonardo, however, he published his writings and he finished his projects and commissions.

Question 29

How were witches portrayed in the art of Hans Baldung Grien?

Answer 29

1) Witches are shown nude. 2) They are shown as both hags and seductresses. 3) They gather around a jar with the concoction escaping.

Question 30

What effect did Protestant views have on the appearance of their churches?

Answer 30

1) There was an attempt to curb interior decorative programs of Protestant churches. 2) Protestant leadership felt images would distract the worshiper from direct communication with God, which was the sole purpose for their presence in church.

Question 31

What stylistic influences are apparent in the work of El Greco?

Answer 31

1) He blended Late Byzantine, Venetian art, and Italian Mannerist elements. 2) He created a deeply emotional fervor evocative of Spain.

Question 32

Describe the significance of Francis I as an art patron.

Answer 32

1) Francis favored Mannerism. 2) He hired three Italian Mannerists to create artworks for his pleasure and for decoration. 3) He enticed Leonardo da Vinci to come to France.