Chapter 13-14 Missed Quiz Questions Flashcards
Contrast the differences between Early Gothic and High Gothic architecture in France using specific buildings to illustrate your discussion.
While both styles represent significant advancements in architectural technology and aesthetics, Early Gothic architecture is a bridge between the Romanesque and the Gothic, while High Gothic fully embraces the potential of the new style, creating a more refined and spiritually uplifting space. In talking about the architectural details, it’s important to make the connections between past and then-current styles, using the details to demonstrate those comparisons/contrasts. An example of a high gothic French building is Sainte Chappelle and an early gothic French building is San Denis. Chartres is kind of both time periods because of the fire.
How was stained glass used in a new way in the Gothic era?
It was not meant to just introduce color and iconography into the interiors. In the cathedral interior stained-glass windows did not conceal walls as frescoes or mosaics did; stained-glass windows replaced walls. Light passes through them and is transmitted by them, filtering and transforming interiors. Stained-glass windows became one with the architecture and the liturgy.
Describe how the facades of Italian cathedrals differed from those of French Gothic churches.
Generally speaking to answer this one would be to note that the Italian architect did not consider the facade as an integral part of the structure. They considered the exterior as a mere screen that could be added later at any time.
Briefly describe the Perpendicular Gothic style. In what country was it most popular?
Perpendicular Gothic style emphasized strong verticality of its decorative details and often with elaborate vaults. Gave you a point for the England mention, as this was the last English Gothic style.
Who was Saint Dionysius (Denis)?
Saint Denis was the missionary who brought Christianity to Gaul (France). He is also said to have carried his head to the spot where he was to be buried after he was killed. This is where The Basillica of Saint Denise was built.
Describe the significance of the mendicants with respect to church architecture.
The mendicants were monks that lived in the city as oppossed to in rural/seperate communities. They were signifigant to church architecture as they frequently commisioned churches in urban areas. They encouraged the building of churches and were well recieved in society because they provided jobs for people in contruction of the church which employed laborers and artisans alike. The churches they were building were also important because they housed growing congregations due to the growing population. The Franciscan mendicants also built churches on the outskirts of cities where the poor lived because they were trying to reach the poor populations.
How did the cult of the Virgin impact Gothic society?
The cult of the Virgin shifted the focus from the severity of the Romanesque to a gentler and more compassionate theme. Worshipers believed the Virgin stood between the sinner and Christ interceding on behalf of the sinner. Great cathedrals were dedicated to her. The tone of society had changed. Mary also served as a model for the ideal women in society and slightly raised the public’s opinion of women.
What are the statues on the jambs of the royal portal at Chartres thought to represent?
The kings and queens of the Old Testament and the royal ancestors of Christ, they support the New Testament figures, which appear above the doorways.
Describe the connection between Ambrogio Lorenzetti’s fresco cycle and its setting.
The setting itself is the connection; not only were the frescoes set there, they were painted on the walls of the council chambers, serving as a visual reminder of their commentary to the government. (The setting is the council chamber of Siena)
