250 Study Guide UPDATED Flashcards
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille & King Louis IX of France (Moralized Bible)
Europe title Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille & King Louis IX of France (Moralized Bible) date(s) 1220 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Illuminated manuscript (ink tempera and gold leaf on vellum) subject matter Blanche of Castille and King Louis IX important stylistic elements Detailed miniatures use of gold leaf historical context Created in Paris reflects Gothic manuscript illumination Function Religious text significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 13-31
Rottgen Pieta
Europe title Rottgen Pieta date(s) 1300 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Painted wood subject matter Virgin Mary holding the dead Christ important stylistic elements Emotional expression detailed carving historical context Found in Bonn reflects Gothic interest in human emotion Function Devotional object significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 13-50
Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel including Lamentation
Giotto di Bondone title Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel including Lamentation date(s) 1300 CE culture/period Proto-Renaissance key formal qualities Brick fresco subject matter Scenes from the life of Christ important stylistic elements Naturalistic figures use of light and shadow historical context Located in Padua reflects early Renaissance art Function Private chapel significant artistic movements or influences associated Proto-Renaissance patronage/commission info Commissioned by Enrico Scrovegni any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Golden Haggadah
Europe title Golden Haggadah date(s) 1320 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Illuminated manuscript (pigment and gold leaf on vellum) subject matter Scenes from the Book of Exodus important stylistic elements Detailed miniatures use of gold leaf historical context Created in Barcelona reflects Jewish and Gothic art Function Religious text significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Alhambra
Nasrid title Alhambra date(s) 1350 CE culture/period Islamic key formal qualities Whitewashed adobe stucco wood tile paint and gilding subject matter Palace complex important stylistic elements Intricate tilework courtyards with water features historical context Located in Granada reflects Nasrid architecture Function Royal palace significant artistic movements or influences associated Islamic art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Nasrid dynasty any alternate views detailed views or additional images 10-22
Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)
Workshop of Robert Campin title Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece) date(s) 1430 CE culture/period Early Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood subject matter Annunciation of the Virgin Mary important stylistic elements Detailed interiors use of light historical context Created in Tournai reflects early Northern Renaissance art Function Private devotional piece significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Pazzi Chapel
Filippo Brunelleschi (architect) title Pazzi Chapel date(s) 1460 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Masonry subject matter Chapel important stylistic elements Use of classical architectural elements historical context Located in Florence reflects early Renaissance architecture Function Religious chapel significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance architecture patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Pazzi family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck title The Arnolfini Portrait date(s) 1430 CE culture/period Early Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood subject matter Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife important stylistic elements Detailed interior use of light and reflection historical context Created in Bruges reflects early Northern Renaissance art Function Portrait significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance patronage/commission info Commissioned by Giovanni Arnolfini any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
David
Donatello title David date(s) 1440 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Bronze free-standing sculpture subject matter Biblical hero David important stylistic elements Contrapposto naturalism historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Political symbol of Florence significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance sculpture patronage/commission info Commissioned by Cosimo de’ Medici any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Fra Filippo Lippi title Madonna and Child with Two Angels date(s) 1465 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Tempera on wood subject matter Madonna and Child with angels important stylistic elements Use of light naturalistic figures historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Religious painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance painting patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Medici family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Birth of Venus
Sandro Botticelli title Birth of Venus date(s) 1485 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Tempera on canvas subject matter Birth of Venus important stylistic elements Use of line and color mythological themes historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Mythological painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Medici family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci title Last Supper date(s) 1498 CE culture/period High Renaissance key formal qualities Oil and tempera on plaster subject matter Last Supper of Christ important stylistic elements Use of perspective and composition historical context Located in Milan reflects High Renaissance art Function Religious painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Ludovico Sforza any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Adam and Eve
Albrecht Durer title Adam and Eve date(s) 1504 CE culture/period Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Engraving subject matter Biblical figures of Adam and Eve important stylistic elements Detailed figures symbolic elements historical context Reflects Durer’s mastery of printmaking Function Religious art significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
School of Athens
Raphael title School of Athens date(s) 1511 CE culture/period High Renaissance key formal qualities Fresco subject matter Ancient Greek philosophers important stylistic elements Use of perspective and classical architecture historical context Located in the Vatican reflects High Renaissance art Function Decorative fresco for the Pope’s library significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Pope Julius II any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Isenheim Altarpiece
Matthias Grunewald title Isenheim Altarpiece date(s) 1515 CE culture/period Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood panel subject matter Scenes from the life of Christ important stylistic elements Use of vivid colors and detailed figures historical context Created for the Monastery of St. Anthony in Isenheim reflects Northern Renaissance art Function Altarpiece significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Monastery of St. Anthony any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Apollo 11 Stones
Paleolithic Africa title Apollo 11 Stones date(s) 25500 BCE culture/period Paleolithic key formal qualities Charcoal on stone abstract shapes subject matter Animal figures important stylistic elements Depiction of animal motifs historical context Oldest known representational art in Africa Function Likely ritualistic or symbolic significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 1-2 19-2
Great Hall of the Bulls
Paleolithic Europe title Great Hall of the Bulls date(s) 15000 BCE culture/period Paleolithic key formal qualities Rock painting use of natural cave contours subject matter Animals hunting scenes important stylistic elements Naturalistic depiction of animals historical context Early example of prehistoric cave art Function Possibly ritualistic related to hunting significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 1-9 1-10
Camelid sacrum in the shape of a canine
Paleolithic Mesoamerica title Camelid sacrum in the shape of a canine date(s) 14000 BCE culture/period Paleolithic key formal qualities Carved bone subject matter Sacrum bone shaped like a canine important stylistic elements Utilizes natural bone structure historical context Oldest known work of art from Mesoamerica Function Unknown possibly ceremonial significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images Goes with chapter 18 but isn’t in Gardner’s book
Running Horned Woman
Neolithic Africa title Running Horned Woman date(s) 4000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Pigment on rock dynamic composition subject matter Human figure with horns important stylistic elements Stylized human form detailed clothing historical context Found in Tassili n’Ajjer important site for prehistoric art Function Likely ritualistic or symbolic significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 19-3
Beaker with ibex motifs
Neolithic Near East title Beaker with ibex motifs date(s) 4000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Painted terra cotta geometric designs subject matter Ibex and other animal motifs important stylistic elements Stylized animal forms decorative patterns historical context Found in Susa early example of pottery Function Possibly used for ceremonial purposes significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-18b
Anthropomorphic Stele
Neolithic Near East title Anthropomorphic Stele date(s) 4000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Sandstone human-like form subject matter Human figure important stylistic elements Simplified human form emphasis on face historical context Found in the Arabian Peninsula early example of anthropomorphic art Function Possibly used for funerary purposes significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images Not in Gardner’s book Smarthistory Link
Jade cong
Neolithic China title Jade cong date(s) 2000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Carved jade intricate designs subject matter Geometric shapes and patterns important stylistic elements Polished surface detailed carvings historical context Found in Liangzhu used in burial practices Function Possibly used for ceremonial or funerary purposes significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images Not in Gardner’s book Smarthistory link
Stonehenge
Neolithic Europe title Stonehenge date(s) 2500 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Sandstone post and lintel construction subject matter Megalithic structure important stylistic elements Use of large stones circular layout historical context Found in Wiltshire significant prehistoric monument Function Possibly used for astronomical or ceremonial purposes significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 1-20
The Ambum Stone
Neolithic Melanesia title The Ambum Stone date(s) 1500 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Greywacke detailed carving subject matter Animal figure possibly a pestle important stylistic elements Smooth surface naturalistic form historical context Found in Ambum Valley Papua New Guinea Function Possibly used as a pestle or in rituals significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Tlatilco female figurine
Neolithic Mexico title Tlatilco female figurine date(s) 1000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Ceramic painted details subject matter Female figure important stylistic elements Emphasis on body proportions and hairstyles historical context Found in Central Mexico significant for understanding Mesoamerican culture Function Possibly used in fertility rituals or as a grave offering significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images Not in Gardner’s text linked in KA/SmartHistory
Terracotta Fragment (Lapita)
Neolithic Pacific Islands title Terracotta Fragment (Lapita) date(s) 1000 BCE culture/period Neolithic key formal qualities Incised terra cotta geometric patterns subject matter Decorative motifs important stylistic elements Complex patterns detailed incisions historical context Found in Solomon Islands significant for understanding early Pacific cultures Function Possibly used as a decorative or ceremonial object significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
White Temple and Ziggurat
Sumerian title White Temple and Ziggurat date(s) 3500 BCE culture/period Sumerian key formal qualities Mud brick elevated structure subject matter Religious temple important stylistic elements Ziggurat construction historical context Early Mesopotamian civilization Function Place of worship significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-2
Palette of King Narmer
Egyptian title Palette of King Narmer date(s) 3000 BCE culture/period Predynastic Egyptian key formal qualities Graywacke detailed carvings subject matter King Narmer unification of Egypt important stylistic elements Hierarchical scale use of registers historical context Early example of Egyptian art Function Ceremonial likely used for grinding cosmetics significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-2 3-3
Statues of votive figures from Square Temple at Eshnunna
Sumerian title Statues of votive figures date(s) 2700 BCE culture/period Sumerian key formal qualities Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone subject matter Worshippers important stylistic elements Exaggerated eyes stylized bodies historical context Found in Tell Asmar Iraq indicates religious devotion Function Stand-in worshippers significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-5
Seated Scribe
Egyptian title Seated Scribe date(s) 2500 BCE culture/period Old Kingdom key formal qualities Painted limestone realistic depiction subject matter Scribe in seated position important stylistic elements Naturalistic features attention to detail historical context Found in Saqqara reflects importance of scribes in Egyptian society Function Funerary statue to ensure the scribe’s duties in the afterlife significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-14
Standard of Ur from Royal Tombs
Sumerian title Standard of Ur date(s) 2500 BCE culture/period Sumerian key formal qualities Wood inlaid with shells lapis-lazuli red limestone subject matter War and peace scenes important stylistic elements Narrative composition use of registers historical context Found in Royal Tombs of Ur significant for understanding Sumerian culture Function Possibly used as a musical instrument or standard significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-7
Great Pyramids (Menkaura Khafre Khufu) and Great Sphinx
Egyptian title Great Pyramids and Sphinx date(s) 2550 BCE culture/period Old Kingdom key formal qualities Cut limestone monumental scale subject matter Tombs for pharaohs important stylistic elements Geometric shapes alignment with cardinal points historical context Built during the Fourth Dynasty reflect the power of pharaohs Function Funerary monuments significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Pharaohs Khufu Khafre Menkaura any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-8 3-11
King Menkaura and queen (Kahmerenebty)
Egyptian title King Menkaura and queen date(s) 2500 BCE culture/period Old Kingdom key formal qualities Greywacke rigid posture subject matter Pharaoh Menkaura and his queen important stylistic elements Idealized features balanced composition historical context Found in Giza represents power and divinity of the pharaoh Function Funerary statue significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-13
The Code of Hammurabi
Babylonian title The Code of Hammurabi date(s) 1750 BCE culture/period Babylonian key formal qualities Basalt inscribed laws subject matter Hammurabi receiving laws from Shamash important stylistic elements Cuneiform script hierarchical scale historical context One of the earliest known law codes Function Legal document significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-18
Temple of Aman Re and Hypostyle Hall
Egyptian title Temple of Aman Re and Hypostyle Hall date(s) 1500 BCE culture/period New Kingdom key formal qualities Cut sandstone and mud brick massive columns subject matter Religious temple important stylistic elements Hypostyle hall clerestory lighting historical context Located in Karnak center of worship Function Place of worship for the god Amun significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-24 3-25
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepshut and Kneeling Statue
Egyptian title Mortuary Temple of Hatshepshut and Kneeling Statue date(s) 1450 BCE culture/period New Kingdom key formal qualities Sandstone partially carved into rock cliff red granite subject matter Temple and statue of Hatshepsut important stylistic elements Terraced structure axial plan historical context Located in Luxor reflects Hatshepsut’s reign Function Funerary temple for Hatshepsut significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Hatshepsut any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-21
Akhenaton Nefertiti & 3 Daughters
Egyptian title Akhenaton Nefertiti & 3 Daughters date(s) 1350 BCE culture/period Amarna Period key formal qualities Limestone sunken relief subject matter Akhenaton Nefertiti and their children important stylistic elements Elongated forms intimate family scene historical context Reflects the religious revolution under Akhenaton Function Depicts the royal family and their connection to the god Aten significant artistic movements or influences associated Amarna art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-33
Innermost Coffin of King Tutankhamun
Egyptian title Innermost Coffin of King Tutankhamun date(s) 1300 BCE culture/period Amarna Period key formal qualities Gold with inlay of enamel and semi-precious stones subject matter Coffin of Tutankhamun important stylistic elements Detailed craftsmanship use of precious materials historical context Found in the Tomb of Tutankhamun reflects wealth and artistry of the period Function Funerary object to ensure the king’s safe passage to the afterlife significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-34
Last Judgment of Hu-nefer (Book of the Dead)
Egyptian title Last Judgment of Hu-nefer date(s) 1300 BCE culture/period New Kingdom key formal qualities Painted papyrus scroll narrative composition subject matter Judgment of the deceased Hu-nefer important stylistic elements Hierarchical scale use of registers historical context Found in Thebes part of the Book of the Dead Function Funerary text to guide the deceased in the afterlife significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 3-1 a b c
Lamassu from citadel of Sargon II
Neo-Assyrian title Lamassu date(s) 700 BCE culture/period Neo-Assyrian key formal qualities Alabaster colossal size subject matter Winged human-headed bull important stylistic elements Combination of human and animal features detailed carvings historical context Found in Khorsabad served as protective guardians Function Guardians of the palace gates significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 6-6
Athenian Agora
Greek title Athenian Agora date(s) 600 BCE culture/period Archaic Greek key formal qualities Plan public space subject matter Civic center important stylistic elements Open-air layout various public buildings historical context Located in Athens central to public life Function Marketplace and gathering place significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images Smarthistory link
Anavysos Kouros
Greek title Anavysos Kouros date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Archaic Greek key formal qualities Marble life-sized subject matter Male youth important stylistic elements Idealized form archaic smile historical context Found in Anavyssos reflects Archaic Greek sculpture Function Grave marker significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 6-4
Peplos Kore
Greek title Peplos Kore date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Archaic Greek key formal qualities Marble painted details subject matter Female figure important stylistic elements Archaic smile stylized hair historical context Found in Athens reflects Archaic Greek sculpture Function Votive offering significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-10
Sarcophagus of the Spouses
Etruscan title Sarcophagus of the Spouses date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Etruscan key formal qualities Terra cotta detailed carving subject matter Reclining couple important stylistic elements Lively poses expressive faces historical context Found in Cerveteri reflects Etruscan funerary practices Function Funerary object to hold ashes of the deceased significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 6-6
Persopolis: Audience (apadana) Hall of Darius and Xerxes
Persian title Persopolis Audience Hall date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Persian key formal qualities Limestone massive columns subject matter Royal audience hall important stylistic elements Relief carvings depicting processions historical context Found in Persepolis reflects the grandeur of the Persian Empire Function Ceremonial and administrative purposes significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 2-25
Temple of Minerva and sculpture of Apollo
Master Sculptor Vulca title Temple of Minerva and sculpture of Apollo date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Etruscan key formal qualities Wood mud brick tufa terra cotta sculpture subject matter Temple and statue of Apollo important stylistic elements Terracotta sculpture, detailed carvings historical context Located in Veii significant for understanding Etruscan architecture Function Religious temple significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 6-4
Interior of the Tomb of Triclinium
Etruscan title Interior of the Tomb of Triclinium date(s) 500 BCE culture/period Etruscan key formal qualities Tufa & Fresco subject matter Funerary chamber important stylistic elements Wall paintings depicting banqueting scenes historical context Located in Tarquinia significant for understanding Etruscan burial practices Function Funerary tomb significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 6-10A
Niobides Krater
The Niobid Painter title Niobides Krater date(s) 450 BCE culture/period Greek Classical key formal qualities Clay red figure technique subject matter Mythological scenes important stylistic elements Detailed figural depictions use of red-figure technique historical context Found in Athens significant for understanding Greek vase painting Function Mixing wine and water significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-59
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)
Polykleitos title Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) date(s) 450 BCE culture/period Greek Classical key formal qualities Marble (Roman copy of Greek bronze) subject matter Male athlete important stylistic elements Idealized proportions contrapposto pose historical context Reflects Classical Greek ideals of beauty and proportion Function Showcases the ideal male form significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-41
Acropolis
Iktinos and Kallikrates title Acropolis date(s) 400 BCE culture/period Greek Classical key formal qualities Marble monumental architecture subject matter Sacred complex important stylistic elements Doric and Ionic orders historical context Located in Athens centerpiece of Classical Greek art and architecture Function Religious and civic center significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Pericles any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-43 5-44
Grave Stele of Hegeso
Kallimachos title Grave Stele of Hegeso date(s) 400 BCE culture/period Greek Classical key formal qualities Marble low relief subject matter Hegeso and servant important stylistic elements Detailed carving use of hierarchical scale historical context Found in Athens reflects Greek funerary practices Function Funerary marker significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-57
Winged Victory of Samothrace
Hellenistic title Winged Victory of Samothrace date(s) 200 BCE culture/period Greek Hellenistic key formal qualities Marble dynamic composition subject matter Nike goddess of victory important stylistic elements Dramatic pose detailed drapery historical context Found in Samothrace exemplifies Hellenistic art Function Commemorates a naval victory significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-83
Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon
Hellenistic title Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon date(s) 175 BCE culture/period Greek Hellenistic key formal qualities Marble monumental frieze subject matter Battle between gods and giants important stylistic elements High relief dramatic scenes historical context Located in Pergamon reflects Hellenistic art Function Altar for worship significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-80
House of Vettii
Roman title House of Vettii date(s) 80 CE culture/period Imperial Roman key formal qualities Cut stone frescoes subject matter Domestic residence important stylistic elements Atrium peristyle garden historical context Located in Pompeii reflects Roman domestic architecture Function Private residence significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-16 7-16A 7-22
Alexander Mosaic from the House of the Faun Pompeii
Roman title Alexander Mosaic from the House of the Faun Pompeii date(s) 100 BCE culture/period Republican Roman key formal qualities Mosaic intricate detail subject matter Battle of Issus important stylistic elements Use of tesserae to create detailed images historical context Found in Pompeii reflects importance of Alexander the Great in Roman culture Function Decorative floor mosaic significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-70
Seated Boxer
Hellenistic title Seated Boxer date(s) 100 BCE culture/period Greek Hellenistic key formal qualities Bronze realistic depiction subject matter Seated athlete important stylistic elements Emotional expression detailed anatomy historical context Found in Rome exemplifies Hellenistic interest in human emotion and realism Function Commemorative statue significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 5-86
Head of An Old Man
Roman title Head of An Old Man date(s) 50 BCE culture/period Republican Roman key formal qualities Marble realistic portraiture subject matter Elderly Roman man important stylistic elements Veristic features detailed wrinkles historical context Found in Ortricoli reflects Roman interest in realistic portraiture Function Funerary or commemorative sculpture significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-8
Augustus of Prima Porta
Roman title Augustus of Prima Porta date(s) Early 1st century CE culture/period Imperial Roman key formal qualities Marble idealized depiction subject matter Emperor Augustus important stylistic elements Contrapposto pose detailed armor historical context Found in Rome propaganda tool for Augustus’s regime Function Political propaganda significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-27
Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)
Roman title Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) date(s) 80 CE culture/period Imperial Roman key formal qualities Stone and concrete large scale subject matter Amphitheater important stylistic elements Use of arches and vaults historical context Located in Rome reflects Roman engineering prowess Function Entertainment venue significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Emperor Vespasian any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-36 7-37
Forum of Trajan
Apollodorus of Damascus title Forum of Trajan date(s) 100 CE culture/period Imperial Roman key formal qualities Brick and concrete monumental architecture subject matter Civic complex important stylistic elements Use of columns and open space historical context Located in Rome reflects Trajan’s rule and achievements Function Public forum and administrative center significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Emperor Trajan any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-45
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille & King Louis IX of France (Moralized Bible)
Europe title Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille & King Louis IX of France (Moralized Bible) date(s) 1220 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Illuminated manuscript (ink tempera and gold leaf on vellum) subject matter Blanche of Castille and King Louis IX important stylistic elements Detailed miniatures use of gold leaf historical context Created in Paris reflects Gothic manuscript illumination Function Religious text significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 13-31
Rottgen Pieta
Europe title Rottgen Pieta date(s) 1300 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Painted wood subject matter Virgin Mary holding the dead Christ important stylistic elements Emotional expression detailed carving historical context Found in Bonn reflects Gothic interest in human emotion Function Devotional object significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 13-50
Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel including Lamentation
Giotto di Bondone title Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel including Lamentation date(s) 1300 CE culture/period Proto-Renaissance key formal qualities Brick fresco subject matter Scenes from the life of Christ important stylistic elements Naturalistic figures use of light and shadow historical context Located in Padua reflects early Renaissance art Function Private chapel significant artistic movements or influences associated Proto-Renaissance patronage/commission info Commissioned by Enrico Scrovegni any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Golden Haggadah
Europe title Golden Haggadah date(s) 1320 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Illuminated manuscript (pigment and gold leaf on vellum) subject matter Scenes from the Book of Exodus important stylistic elements Detailed miniatures use of gold leaf historical context Created in Barcelona reflects Jewish and Gothic art Function Religious text significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Alhambra
Nasrid title Alhambra date(s) 1350 CE culture/period Islamic key formal qualities Whitewashed adobe stucco wood tile paint and gilding subject matter Palace complex important stylistic elements Intricate tilework courtyards with water features historical context Located in Granada reflects Nasrid architecture Function Royal palace significant artistic movements or influences associated Islamic art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Nasrid dynasty any alternate views detailed views or additional images 10-22
Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)
Workshop of Robert Campin title Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece) date(s) 1430 CE culture/period Early Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood subject matter Annunciation of the Virgin Mary important stylistic elements Detailed interiors use of light historical context Created in Tournai reflects early Northern Renaissance art Function Private devotional piece significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Pazzi Chapel
Filippo Brunelleschi (architect) title Pazzi Chapel date(s) 1460 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Masonry subject matter Chapel important stylistic elements Use of classical architectural elements historical context Located in Florence reflects early Renaissance architecture Function Religious chapel significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance architecture patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Pazzi family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck title The Arnolfini Portrait date(s) 1430 CE culture/period Early Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood subject matter Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife important stylistic elements Detailed interior use of light and reflection historical context Created in Bruges reflects early Northern Renaissance art Function Portrait significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance patronage/commission info Commissioned by Giovanni Arnolfini any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
David
Donatello title David date(s) 1440 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Bronze free-standing sculpture subject matter Biblical hero David important stylistic elements Contrapposto naturalism historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Political symbol of Florence significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance sculpture patronage/commission info Commissioned by Cosimo de’ Medici any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Fra Filippo Lippi title Madonna and Child with Two Angels date(s) 1465 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Tempera on wood subject matter Madonna and Child with angels important stylistic elements Use of light naturalistic figures historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Religious painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance painting patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Medici family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Birth of Venus
Sandro Botticelli title Birth of Venus date(s) 1485 CE culture/period Early Italian Renaissance key formal qualities Tempera on canvas subject matter Birth of Venus important stylistic elements Use of line and color mythological themes historical context Created in Florence reflects early Renaissance art Function Mythological painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Medici family any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci title Last Supper date(s) 1498 CE culture/period High Renaissance key formal qualities Oil and tempera on plaster subject matter Last Supper of Christ important stylistic elements Use of perspective and composition historical context Located in Milan reflects High Renaissance art Function Religious painting significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Ludovico Sforza any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Adam and Eve
Albrecht Durer title Adam and Eve date(s) 1504 CE culture/period Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Engraving subject matter Biblical figures of Adam and Eve important stylistic elements Detailed figures symbolic elements historical context Reflects Durer’s mastery of printmaking Function Religious art significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
School of Athens
Raphael title School of Athens date(s) 1511 CE culture/period High Renaissance key formal qualities Fresco subject matter Ancient Greek philosophers important stylistic elements Use of perspective and classical architecture historical context Located in the Vatican reflects High Renaissance art Function Decorative fresco for the Pope’s library significant artistic movements or influences associated Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Pope Julius II any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Isenheim Altarpiece
Matthias Grunewald title Isenheim Altarpiece date(s) 1515 CE culture/period Northern Renaissance key formal qualities Oil on wood panel subject matter Scenes from the life of Christ important stylistic elements Use of vivid colors and detailed figures historical context Created for the Monastery of St. Anthony in Isenheim reflects Northern Renaissance art Function Altarpiece significant artistic movements or influences associated Northern Renaissance art patronage/commission info Commissioned by the Monastery of St. Anthony any alternate views detailed views or additional images N/A
Pantheon
Roman title Pantheon date(s) 100 CE culture/period Imperial Roman key formal qualities Concrete with stone facing dome subject matter Religious temple important stylistic elements Use of the oculus and coffered ceiling historical context Located in Rome exemplifies Roman engineering and architectural innovation Function Temple dedicated to all Roman gods significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info Commissioned by Emperor Hadrian any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-49 7-50 7-51
Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
Roman title Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus date(s) 250 CE culture/period Late Imperial Roman key formal qualities Marble high relief subject matter Battle scene important stylistic elements Dense composition chaotic scenes historical context Found in Rome reflects the turmoil of the late Roman Empire Function Sarcophagus for a wealthy Roman significant artistic movements or influences associated N/A patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 7-68
Catacomb of Priscilla
Late Antiquity Europe title Catacomb of Priscilla date(s) 400 CE culture/period Late Antique key formal qualities Excavated tufa fresco subject matter Christian martyrs important stylistic elements Fresco paintings detailed iconography historical context Located in Rome used for early Christian burials Function Burial site for early Christians significant artistic movements or influences associated Early Christian art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images included on slide 8 of chapter slides
Santa Sabina
Late Antique Europe title Santa Sabina date(s) 400 CE culture/period Late Antique key formal qualities Brick and stone wooden roof subject matter Christian basilica important stylistic elements Use of light and space historical context Located in Rome exemplifies early Christian architecture Function Place of Christian worship significant artistic movements or influences associated Early Christian art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 8-18 8-18A 8-18B 8-19
Vienna Genesis - Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel
Byzantine Europe title Vienna Genesis date(s) Early 6th century CE culture/period Byzantine key formal qualities Tempera gold and silver on vellum subject matter Biblical scenes important stylistic elements Illuminated manuscript detailed miniatures historical context Created in Antioch reflects early Byzantine art Function Religious text significant artistic movements or influences associated Byzantine art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 9-17
San Vitale
Byzantine Europe title San Vitale date(s) 550 CE culture/period Byzantine key formal qualities Brick marble stone veneer subject matter Christian church important stylistic elements Central plan mosaics historical context Located in Ravenna exemplifies Byzantine architecture and mosaic art Function Place of Christian worship significant artistic movements or influences associated Byzantine art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Emperor Justinian any alternate views detailed views or additional images 9-10 9-11 9-1 9-12
Hagia Sophia
Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus title Hagia Sophia date(s) 530 CE culture/period Byzantine key formal qualities Brick and ceramic elements with stone and mosaic veneer dome subject matter Christian church later a mosque important stylistic elements Use of pendentives and mosaics historical context Located in Istanbul reflects the grandeur of Byzantine architecture Function Place of Christian worship later a mosque significant artistic movements or influences associated Byzantine art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Emperor Justinian any alternate views detailed views or additional images 9-5 9-6 9-7 9-8
Merovingian looped fibulae
Europe title Merovingian looped fibulae date(s) 550 CE culture/period Early Medieval key formal qualities Silver gilt worked in filigree with inlays of garnet and other stones subject matter Decorative brooches important stylistic elements Intricate designs use of garnets historical context Found in Arles reflects Merovingian craftsmanship Function Personal adornment and status symbol significant artistic movements or influences associated Early Medieval art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 11-2
Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore & George
Europe title Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore & George date(s) 600 CE culture/period Byzantine key formal qualities Encaustic on wood subject matter Theotokos with saints important stylistic elements Detailed iconography gold accents historical context Found in Mount Sinai reflects early Byzantine iconography Function Religious icon significant artistic movements or influences associated Byzantine art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 9-19
Lindisfarne Gospels: Saint Matthew
cross-carpet page
Great Mosque of Cordoba
Umayyad title Great Mosque of Cordoba date(s) 780 CE culture/period Islamic key formal qualities Stone masonry hypostyle hall subject matter Mosque important stylistic elements Horseshoe arches detailed mihrab historical context Located in Córdoba reflects Umayyad architecture Function Place of Islamic worship significant artistic movements or influences associated Islamic art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Abd al-Rahman I any alternate views detailed views or additional images 10-1 10-11
Pxyis of al-Mughira
Umayyad title Pxyis of al-Mughira date(s) 970 CE culture/period Islamic key formal qualities Ivory detailed carvings subject matter Lidded container important stylistic elements Intricate relief carvings figural decoration historical context Found in Cordoba reflects Umayyad luxury art Function Container for cosmetics or jewelry significant artistic movements or influences associated Islamic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 10-18
Church of Saint-Foy
Europe title Church of Saint-Foy date(s) 1100 CE culture/period Romanesque key formal qualities Stone and paint subject matter Christian church important stylistic elements Tympanum sculpture barrel vaults historical context Located in Conques reflects Romanesque pilgrimage architecture Function Place of Christian worship significant artistic movements or influences associated Romanesque art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 12-1A 12-3
Bayeux Tapestry
Europe title Bayeux Tapestry date(s) 1066 CE culture/period Romanesque key formal qualities Embroidery on linen subject matter Norman conquest of England important stylistic elements Continuous narrative detailed embroidery historical context Created in Bayeux reflects Romanesque narrative art Function Commemorates the Battle of Hastings significant artistic movements or influences associated Romanesque art patronage/commission info Commissioned by Bishop Odo any alternate views detailed views or additional images 12-40 12-41
Chartres Cathedral
Europe title Chartres Cathedral date(s) 1150 CE reconstructed 1220 CE culture/period Gothic key formal qualities Limestone stained glass subject matter Christian cathedral important stylistic elements Flying buttresses ribbed vaults historical context Located in Chartres reflects the development of Gothic architecture Function Place of Christian worship significant artistic movements or influences associated Gothic art patronage/commission info N/A any alternate views detailed views or additional images 13-4 13-5 13-6 13-19A
Chartres Cathedral
Historical Context - Europe; Chartres France — Key Formal Qualities - limestone stained glass — Culture/Period - GOTHIC — Date - 1150 CE reconstructed 1220 CE — Alternate Views - 13-4 13-5 13-6 and 13-19A (Sculptures)
Moai on platform (ahu)
Historical Context - Polynesian; Rapa Nui (Easter Island) — Key Formal Qualities - volcanic tuff figures on a basalt base — Culture/Period - RAPA NUI — Date - 1100 - 1600 CE
Great Mosque of Djenne
Historical Context - Sudano-Sahelian architecture; Djenne Mali — Key Formal Qualities - adobe — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC — Date - 1200 CE rebuilt 1906 - 1907 CE — Alternate Views - 19-10
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille & King Louis IX of France (Moralized Bible)
Historical Context - Europe; Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - illuminated manuscript (ink tempera and gold leaf on vellum) — Culture/Period - GOTHIC — Date - 1220 CE — Alternate Views - 13-31
Night Attack on the Sanjo Palace
Historical Context - Kamakura Period; Kyoto Japan — Key Formal Qualities - Ink and color on paper (hand scroll) — Culture/Period - JAPANESE — Date - 1250 - 1300 CE — Alternate Views - different image in Gardner’s text 17-19
Great Zimbabwe
Historical Context - Shona Peoples; Zimbabwe Africa — Key Formal Qualities - coursed granite blocks — Culture/Period - SHONA — Date - 1000 - 1400 ce — Alternate Views - 19-12
Rottgen Pieta
Historical Context - Europe; Bonn Germany — Key Formal Qualities - painted Wood — Culture/Period - GOTHIC — Date - 1300 CE — Alternate Views - 13-50
Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel including Lamentation
Artist - Giotto di Bondone — Historical Context - Padua Italy — Key Formal Qualities - brick fresco — Culture/Period - PROTO- RENAISSANCE — Date - 1300 CE — Alternate Views - Cannot find in 15th Edition of Garner’s; included in Khan Acad/SmartHistory
Mesa Verde cliff dwellings
Historical Context - Anasazi; Mesa Verde National Park Colorado — Key Formal Qualities - sandstone — Culture/Period - PUEBLOAN — Date - 1300 CE — Alternate Views - 18-35
Basin
Artist - Muhammad ibn al-Zain — Historical Context - Mamluk Empire (moden Syria/Egypt) — Key Formal Qualities - brass inlaid with silver & gold — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC — Date - 1320 -1340 CE — Alternate Views - 10-35
Golden Haggadah
Historical Context - Europe; Barcelona Spain — Key Formal Qualities - illuminated manuscript (pigment and gold leaf on vellum) — Culture/Period - GOTHIC — Date - 1320 CE — Alternate Views - Cannot find in 15th Edition of Garner’s; included in Khan Acad/SmartHistory
Bahram Gur Fights the Karg
Historical Context - Il’Khanid; Tabriz Iran — Key Formal Qualities - ink opaque water color & gold on paper — Culture/Period - PERSIAN — Date - 1330 - 1340 CE — Alternate Views - Cannot find in 15th Edition of Garner’s; included in Khan Acad/SmartHistory
Alhambra
Historical Context - Nasrid; Granada Spain — Key Formal Qualities - whitewashed adobe stucco wood tile paint and gilding — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC — Date - 1350 CE — Alternate Views - 10-22
The David Vases
Historical Context - Yaun Dynasty; Jingdezhen China — Key Formal Qualities - white porcelain cobalt-blue glaze — Culture/Period - CHINESE — Date - 1351 CE
Templo Mayor
Historical Context - Aztec; Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - stone (temple); volcanic stone (The Coyolxauhqui Stone); jadeite (Olmec-style mask); basalt (Calendar Stone) — Culture/Period - AZTEC — Date - 1375-1520 CE
Ruler’s father headdress
Historical Context - Aztec; Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - feathers (quetzal & cotinga) and gold — Culture/Period - AZTEC — Date - 1420-1520 CE
Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)
Artist - Workshop of Robert Campin — Historical Context - Tournai Belgium — Key Formal Qualities - oil on Wood — Culture/Period - EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1430 CE — Alternate Views - 20-4
The Arnolfini Portrait
Artist - Jan van Eyck. — Historical Context - Bruges Belgium — Key Formal Qualities - oil on wood — Culture/Period - EARLY NORTHERN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1430 CE — Alternate Views - 20-7
David
Artist - Donatello — Historical Context - Florence Italy — Key Formal Qualities - bronze — Culture/Period - EARLY ITALIAN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1440 CE — Alternate Views - 21-11
City of Cusco
Historical Context - Inka; Cusco Peru — Key Formal Qualities - andesite — Culture/Period - INKAN — Date - 1440 CE
Maize cobs
Historical Context - Inka; Cusco Peru — Key Formal Qualities - sheet metal repousse metal alloys — Culture/Period - INKAN — Date - 1440 CE
Palazzo Rucellai
Artist - Leon Battista Alberti (architect) — Historical Context - Florence Italy — Key Formal Qualities - stone masonry — Culture/Period - EARLY ITALIAN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1450 CE — Alternate Views - 21-37
City of Machu Picchu
Historical Context - Inka; Central Highlands Peru Inca — Key Formal Qualities - granite (architectural complex) — Culture/Period - INKAN — Date - 1450 CE
All-T’oqapu tunic
Historical Context - Inka; Central Highlands Peru Inca — Key Formal Qualities - camelid fiber and cotton — Culture/Period - INKAN — Date - 1450 CE
Pazzi Chapel
Artist - Filippo Brunelleschi (architect) — Historical Context - Florence Italy — Key Formal Qualities - masonry — Culture/Period - EARLY ITALIAN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1460 CE — Alternate Views - 21-32. 21-33 21-34
Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Artist - Fra Filippo Lippi — Historical Context - Florence Italy — Key Formal Qualities - tempera on wood — Culture/Period - ITALIAN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1465 CE — Alternate Views - 21-24
Birth of Venus
Artist - Sandro Botticelli — Historical Context - Municipality of Sesto Fiorentino Italy — Key Formal Qualities - tempera on Canvas — Culture/Period - ITALIAN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1480 CE — Alternate Views - 21-1
Ryoan-ji (Zen temple gardens dry garden)
Historical Context - Muromachi Period; Kyoto Japan — Key Formal Qualities - gardens arranged rocks — Culture/Period - JAPANESE — Date - 1480 CE (current design from 18th century CE)
Adam and Eve
Artist - Albrecht Dürer — Historical Context - Nuremburg Germany — Key Formal Qualities - Engraving — Culture/Period - LATE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1500 CE — Alternate Views - 23-4
Last Supper
Artist - Leonardo da Vinci — Historical Context - Milan Italy — Key Formal Qualities - oil and tempera — Culture/Period - HIGH RENAISSANCE — Date - 1500 CE — Alternate Views - 22-4
School of Athens
Artist - Raphael — Historical Context - Vatican City Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - fresco — Culture/Period - HIGH RENAISSANCE — Date - 1510 CE — Alternate Views - 22-9
Isenheim altarpiece
Artist - Matthias Grünewald — Historical Context - Colmar France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on wood — Culture/Period - LATE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1510 CE — Alternate Views - 23-2 (open and closed are both labeled 23-2)
Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes
Artist - Michelangelo — Historical Context - Vatican City Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - fresco — Culture/Period - HIGH RENAISSANCE MANNERISM — Date - 1510 CE ceiling 1540 CE altar — Alternate Views - 22-1 22-17 22-18 22-18A 22-19
The Court of Gayumars
Artist - Sultan Muhammad — Historical Context - Tabriz Iran — Key Formal Qualities - Ink opaque water color & gold on paper — Culture/Period - PERSIAN — Date - 1522 - 1525 CE — Alternate Views - 10-34
Entombment of Christ
Artist - Jacopo da Pontormo — Historical Context - Santa Felicita Florence Italy — Key Formal Qualities - oil on wood — Culture/Period - MANNERISM — Date - 1525 CE — Alternate Views - 22-42
Allegory of Law and Grace
Artist - Lucas Cranach the Elder — Historical Context - Wittenberg Germany — Key Formal Qualities - woodcut and letterpress — Culture/Period - REFORMATION — Date - 1530 CE — Alternate Views - 23-6
Venus of Urbino
Artist - Titian — Historical Context - Venice Italy — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - LATE RENAISSANCE — Date - 1530 CE — Alternate Views - 22-39
The Ardabil Carpet
Artist - Maqsud of Kashan — Historical Context - Shrine of Safi al-Din in Ardabil Iran — Key Formal Qualities - silk and wool — Culture/Period - PERSIAN — Date - 1539 - 1540 CE — Alternate Views - different image in Gardner’s text 17-19
Frontispiece of Codex Mendoza
Historical Context - New Spain; Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - ink and color on paper — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 1540 CE
Hunters in the Snow
Artist - Pieter Bruegel the Elder — Historical Context - Antwerp Belgium — Key Formal Qualities - oil on wood — Culture/Period - LATE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE — Date - 1565 CE — Alternate Views - 23-20
Mosque of Selim II
Artist - Edirne (architect) — Historical Context - Erdine Turkey — Key Formal Qualities - brick and stone wooden roof — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC — Date - 1575 CE — Alternate Views - 10-26
Il Gesù and the Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco
Artist - Giacomo da Vignola (architect); Giacomo della Porta (architect); Giovanni Battista Gaulli (artist) — Historical Context - Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - brick marble stucco; fresco — Culture/Period - MANNERIST BUILDING BAROQUE CEILING — Date - 1580 CE — Alternate Views - 22-57 (facade); 22-58 interior
Forbidden City
Historical Context - Ming Dynasty; Beijing China — Key Formal Qualities - stone masonry marble brick wood ceramic tile — Culture/Period - CHINESE — Date - 15th century CE
Portrait of Sin Sujku
Historical Context - Imperial Bureau of Painting; Kaesong North Korea — Key Formal Qualities - ink and colors on silk — Culture/Period - KOREA — Date - 15th century CE (1417-1475 lifespan)
Calling of Saint Matthew
Artist - Caravaggio — Historical Context - Church of St. Louis of the French Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - BAROQUE — Date - 1600 CE — Alternate Views - 24-18
Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings
Artist - Bichitr — Key Formal Qualities - water color ink & gold on paper — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC/MUGHAL — Date - 1615 - 1618 CE
Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici
Artist - Peter Paul Rubens — Historical Context - Luxembourg Palace Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - DUTCH GOLDEN AGE — Date - 1620 CE — Alternate Views - Chapter 25 Slide 9 (not in Gardner’s text)
Self-Portrait with Saskia
Artist - Rembrandt — Historical Context - Amsterdam Netherlands — Key Formal Qualities - etching — Culture/Period - DUTCH GOLDEN AGE — Date - 1630 CE — Alternate Views - Chapter 25 Slide 24 (not in Gardner’s text)
Taj Mahal
Artist - Ustad Ahmad Lahori (lead architect) — Historical Context - Agra India — Key Formal Qualities - stone masonry and marble with inlay of precious and semi-precious stones gardens — Culture/Period - ISLAMIC/MUGHAL — Date - 1632 - 1653 CE
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Artist - Borromini (architect) — Historical Context - Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - stone and stucco — Culture/Period - BAROQUE — Date - 1640 CE — Alternate Views - 24-9
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Artist - Gian Lorenzo Bernini — Historical Context - Cornaro Chapel Santa Maria della Vittoria Rome Italy — Key Formal Qualities - Marble — Culture/Period - BAROQUE — Date - 1650 CE — Alternate Views - 24-8
Las Meninas
Artist - Diego Velázquez — Historical Context - Madrid Spain — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - SPANISH GOLDEN AGE — Date - 1650 CE — Alternate Views - 24-31
Woman Holding a Balance
Artist - Johannes Vermeer — Historical Context - Delft Netherlands — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - DUTCH GOLDEN AGE — Date - 1660 CE — Alternate Views - 25-19
The Palace at Versailles
Artist - Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin- Mansart (architects) — Historical Context - Versaille France — Key Formal Qualities - masonry stone wood iron and gold leaf (architecture); marble and bronze (sculpture); gardens — Culture/Period - BAROQUE — Date - 1670 CE (foundation) — Alternate Views - 25-36 25-37
Wall Plaque from Oba’s Palace
Historical Context - Edo peoples; Benin City Nigeria — Key Formal Qualities - cast brass — Culture/Period - BENIN — Date - 16th century CE — Alternate Views - 19-1
Angel with Arquebus Asiel Timor Dei
Artist - Master of Calamarca — Historical Context - Calamarca Bolivia — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 17th century
The Virgin of Guadalupe
Artist - Miguel González — Historical Context - Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas on wood inlaid with mother-of-pearl — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 1700 CE
Fruit and Insects
Artist - Rachel Ruysch — Historical Context - Amsterdam Netherlands — Key Formal Qualities - Oil on Wood — Culture/Period - DUTCH GOLDEN AGE — Date - 1700 CE — Alternate Views - Chapter 25 slide 36 (not in Gardner’s text) SmartHistory link
Sika dwa kofi (Golden stool)
Historical Context - Ashante; Kumasi Ghana — Key Formal Qualities - gold over wood & cast gold attachments — Culture/Period - ASHANTE — Date - c. 1700 CE — Alternate Views - not in Gardner’s text; Smarthistory link
Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene
Artist - González Family — Historical Context - Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - tempera and resin on wood shell inlay — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 1700 CE
White and Red Plum Blossoms
Artist - Ogata Korin — Historical Context - Kyoto Japan — Key Formal Qualities - ink watercolor and gold leaf on paper — Culture/Period - JAPANESE — Date - 1710 - 1716 CE
Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo
Artist - Juan Rodríguez Juárez — Historical Context - Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 1715 CE
The Tête à Tête from Marriage à la Mode
Artist - William Hogarth — Historical Context - Chiswick London. UK — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROCOCO — Date - 1740 CE — Alternate Views - 26-18
Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Artist - Miguel Cabrera — Historical Context - Mexico City Mexico — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - SPANISH COLONIAL — Date - 1750 CE
Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul
Historical Context - Kuba peoples; Democratic Republic of the Congo — Key Formal Qualities - wood — Culture/Period - KUBA — Date - c. 1760-1780 CE — Alternate Views - 19-15
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery
Artist - Joseph Wright of Derby — Historical Context - Derby UK — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ENLIGHTENMENT — Date - 1765 CE — Alternate Views - 26-12
The Swing
Artist - Jean-Honoré Fragonard — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROCOCO — Date - 1767 CE — Alternate Views - 26-9
The Oath of the Horatii
Artist - Jacques-Louis David — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - NEO-CLASSICISM — Date - 1784 CE — Alternate Views - 26-26
George Washington
Artist - Jean-Antoine Houdon — Historical Context - Virginia State Capitol Richmond VA — Key Formal Qualities - marble — Culture/Period - NEO-CLASSICISM — Date - 1790 CE — Alternate Views - 26-33
Self-Portrait
Artist - Elisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROCOCO — Date - 1790 CE — Alternate Views - 26-16
Female deity
Historical Context - Micronesian; Nukuaro Micronesia — Key Formal Qualities - wood — Culture/Period - MICRONESIAN — Date - c. 18th - 19th century CE
Monticello
Artist - Thomas Jefferson (architect) — Historical Context - Charlottesville Virginia — Key Formal Qualities - brick glass stone and wood — Culture/Period - NEO-CLASSICISM — Date - 1800 CE — Alternate Views - 26-31
Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done)
Artist - Francisco de Goya — Historical Context - Madrid Spain — Key Formal Qualities - etching drypoint burin & burnishing — Culture/Period - ROMANTICISM — Date - 1810 CE — Alternate Views - Not in Gardner’s text. Smarthistory link
La Grande Odalisque
Artist - Jean-Auguste- Dominique Ingres — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROMANTICISM — Date - 1814 CE — Alternate Views - 27-8
Under the Wave off Kanagawa (also known as the Great Wave)
Artist - Katsushika Hokusai — Historical Context - Tokyo Japan — Key Formal Qualities - polychrome woodblock print ink colors on paper — Culture/Period - JAPANESE — Date - 1830 - 1833 CE
Liberty Leading the People
Artist - Eugène Delacroix — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROMANTICISM — Date - 1830 CE — Alternate Views - 27-16
The Oxbow
Artist - Thomas Cole — Historical Context - Massachusetts — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROMANTICISM — Date - 1830 CE — Alternate Views - 27-23
Still Life in Studio
Artist - Louis-Jacques- Mandé Daguerre — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - daguerreotype — Culture/Period - EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY — Date - 1830 CE — Alternate Views - 27-48
Palace of Westminster
Artist - Charles Barry and Augustus W. N. Pugin (architects) — Historical Context - London UK — Key Formal Qualities - limestone masonry & glass — Culture/Period - GOTHIC REVIVAL — Date - 1840 - 1870 CE — Alternate Views - 27-43
Slave Ship
Artist - Joseph Mallord William Turner — Historical Context - London UK — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - ROMANTICISM — Date - 1840 CE — Alternate Views - 27-22
Hiapo (tapa)
Historical Context - Polynesian; Niue — Key Formal Qualities - tapa (bark cloth) freehand painting — Culture/Period - NIUEAN — Date - 1850 - 1900 CE
Bandolier bag
Historical Context - Lenape; Oklahoma (Delware Reservation) — Key Formal Qualities - beadwork on leather — Culture/Period - NATIVE AMERICAN — Date - 1850 CE
The Stone Breakers
Artist - Gustave Courbet — Historical Context - Ornans France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - REALISM — Date - 1850 CE (destroyed 1945) — Alternate Views - 27-26
Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art
Artist - Honoré Daumier — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - lithograph — Culture/Period - REALISM — Date - 1860 CE — Alternate Views - 27-49A
Olympia
Artist - Édouard Manet — Historical Context - Paris France — Key Formal Qualities - oil on canvas — Culture/Period - REALISM — Date - 1860 CE — Alternate Views - 27-33
