Chapter 23 - Functional Groups Flashcards
functional group
a specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic chemical reactions.
halocarbons
a class of organic compounds containing covalently bonded fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine
alkyl halides
halocarbons where a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain.
aryl halides
halocarbons in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an arene ring
substitution reaction
an organic reaction where an atom, group of atoms, replaces another group of atoms
alcohol
an organic compound with an -OH group
hydroxyl group
the -OH functional group in alcohols
fermentation
the production of ethanol from sugars by the action of yeast or bacteria
denatured alcohol
ethanol with an added substance to make it toxic
addition reaction
a substance that is added at the double or triple bond of an alkene or an alkyne
hydration reaction
the addition of water to an alkene
hydrogenation reaction
the addition of hydrogen to a carbon-carbon bond to produce an alkane
ether
a compound in which is bonded to two carbon atoms
carbonyl group
a functional group with the general structure of C=O
aldehyde
an organic compound where the carbon of the carbonyl group is joined with at least one hydrogen.
