Chapter 23 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the fissures of the lungs

A

Oblique and horizontal

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2
Q

Which lung has two fissures and three lobes

A

Right lung

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3
Q

What area of the respiratory system is not considered anatomical dead space

A

everything but the surface of the alveoli

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4
Q

What is the common passageway for food and air in the upper respiratory tract

A

Pharynx

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5
Q

what is classified as the upper respiratory system

A

everything above the larynx but not including the larynx

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6
Q

What is classified as the lower respiratory system

A

everything below the larynx including the larynx

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7
Q

where are the 4 sinuses

A

Frontal
ethmoid
maxillary
sphenoid not in picture but its right in front and medial to the ear

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8
Q

What are the 2 layers of the respiratory mucosa

A

Epithelial layer with goblet cells
lamina propria

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9
Q

What is the difference between the lamina propria in the upper and lower respiratory tract

A

Upper it also contains mucous glands
lower it contains smooth muscle

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10
Q

the technical term for sound made by vocal cords is

A

phonation

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11
Q

the alteration of sound by the teeth and tongue is called what

A

articulation

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12
Q

whats another name for adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

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13
Q

what is the cartilage called located right below the thyroid cartilage

A

cricoid cartilage

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14
Q

What kind of cartilage is the thyroid and cricoid cartilage made of

A

both hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

Where is the carina located

A

it is a cartilage ridge that separates the left and right primary bronchi

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16
Q

what is the function of pneumocyte 1 cells

A

they make up most of the alveoli and allow for gas exchange

17
Q

what do pneumocyte 2 cells do

A

they produce surfactant

18
Q

what is surfactant made of

A

phospholipids and proteins

19
Q

What is boyle’s law

A

basically says that when volume decreases pressure will increase and vice versa

20
Q

which intercostal muscles are used for forced breathing internal or external

A

internal intercostal muscles are used for forced breathing external ones are used for all breathing

21
Q

what is the concentration of oxygen and co2 in oxygenated blood

A

100 mm Hg of O2
40 mm Hg of CO2

22
Q

What is the concentration of oxygen and CO2 in deoxygenated blood

A

40 mm Hg of O2
45 mm Hg of CO2

23
Q

what is henrys law

A

it states that the amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to partial pressure and solubility

24
Q

what is external respiration

A

the exchange of outside air in the alveoli with blood

25
Q

what is internal respiration

A

that exchange of gas between cells and the blood

26
Q

what three factors cause O2 to disassociate from Hb easier

A

Increase Temp
increase CO2
decrease in pH