Chapter 16 Flashcards
What does the parasympathetic division do
Slows us down and conserves energy (rest and digest)
What does the sympathetic division do
Mobilizes us under extreme conditions (fight or flight)
what are the three neurons called in the pathways of the autonomic NS
- visceral motor neurons
- preganglionic neurons
- ganglion/postganglionic neurons
Does the autonomic neuron pathway contain 2 or three neurons
3 neurons
What are the two functions that are decreased by the sympathetic division
Digestion
urinary function
What is the location of the preganglionic neuron in the sympathetic system
Between T1 and L2 of spinal cord in lateral gray horns
What is another name for the sympathetic division
Thoracolumbar division because all the cell bodies of the preganglionic neuron are in the thoracic and lumbar region
What are the three different types of ganglia
- Chain ganglia
- Collateral Ganglia
- Adrenal Medulla
What do the chain ganglia innervate
body Wall, thoracic cavity head neck and limbs
what is a white ramius
a branch of the preganglionic neuron that enters the ganglion since the PreGN is myelinated and the postganglionic neuron is not
What is a gray ramius
branch that leaves the ganglion that is made up of the postganglionic neurons so it appears more gray since it is not myelinated
What do Collateral ganglia innervate and what makes them different from chain ganglia
Innervate abdominopelvic tissue and organs and collateral ganglia are not paired like chain ganglia
What is a splanchnic nerve
What are the three collateral ganglia
Celiac
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric
what are neuroendocrine cells
cells of the adrenal gland that release neurotransmitter that act as hormones which prolongs the SNS effect
what are varicosities
Branches of the postganglionic axon in the SNS that contain vesicles with NE or ACh
what are adrenergic neurons
neurons that release norepinephrine and epinephrine
What functions does the parasympathetic division increase
digestion urinary function salvation glands
what is the location of the preganglionic cell bodies in the PSNS
cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10, brain stem and sacral segment of the spinal cord
Which division is also called the craniosacral division
Parasympathetic division
What is the location of post ganglionic cell bodies
What are 4 reasons that sympathetic effects last longer the parasympathetic effects
- since the adrenal medulla releases E and NE as hormones they circulate for longer
- Norepinephrine is broken down slower than acetylcholine
- the SNS neurons have more collaterals (branches) off the axon producing more neuro transmitter
- There are more receptors for N and NE than for ACh
What do preganglionic neurons of the SNS use as neuro transmitter
ACh
What do postganglionic neurons use as neurotransmitter
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
