Chapter 21: Coordination In Humans Hormones In Humans

Question 1

Flashcard 1:
Q: What is a hormone?

Answer 1

A: A chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more specific target organs.

Question 2

Flashcard 2:
Q: What are endocrine glands?

Answer 2

A: Ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream and not into a duct.

Question 3

Flashcard 3:
Q: What are target organs?

Answer 3

A: Organs or cells in the body that are affected by hormones.

Question 4

Flashcard 4:
Q: Which hormones are produced by the pancreas?

Answer 4

A: Insulin and glucagon.

Question 5

Flashcard 5:
Q: Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands?

Answer 5

A: Adrenaline.

Question 6

Flashcard 6:
Q: Which hormones are produced by the ovaries?

Answer 6

A: Oestrogen and progesterone.

Question 7

Flashcard 7:
Q: Which hormone is produced by the testes?

Answer 7

A: Testosterone.

Question 8

Flashcard 8:
Q: What is the role of adrenaline in the body?

Answer 8

A: Adrenaline prepares the body to cope with stress, meet danger, and deal with emergencies.

Flashcard 9:
Q: How does adrenaline affect blood glucose concentration?
A: Adrenaline promotes the release of glucose from storage locations in the body, stimulates the breakdown and conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver and muscles, leading to increased glucose concentration in the blood and muscles for immediate energy release.

Flashcard 10:
Q: How does adrenaline affect the pulse rate?
A: Adrenaline increases the pulse (heart) rate by increasing pressure in the coronary arteries, which results in more oxygen being taken in faster, and more glucose and oxygen being delivered to the muscles, thereby increasing the rate of aerobic respiration and releasing more energy to combat or flee a potentially dangerous situation.