Chapter 13:Transport In Animals Heart Lymphatic System And Blood

Question 1

Flashcard 1:
- Q: What is the circulatory system also known as?

Answer 1

• A: The cardiovascular system.

Question 2

Flashcard 2:
- Q: What components make up the circulatory system?

Answer 2

• A: The heart, arteries, capillaries, veins, and blood.

Question 3

Flashcard 3:
- Q: What does the lymphatic system circulate?

Answer 3

• A: Lymph.

Question 4

Flashcard 4:
- Q: What forms the lymphatic system?

Answer 4

• A: Lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels.

Question 5

Flashcard 5:
- Q: What is the major part of the heart made up of?

Answer 5

• A: Cardiac muscles called the myocardium.

Question 6

Flashcard 6:
- Q: How many chambers does the heart have and what are they called?

Answer 6

• A: Four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

Question 7

Flashcard 7:
- Q: What are the receiving chambers of the heart?

Answer 7

• A: The atria.

Question 8

Flashcard 8:
- Q: What are the discharging chambers of the heart?

Answer 8

• A: The ventricles.

Question 9

Flashcard 9:
- Q: What separates the left and right atria?

Answer 9

• A: The septum.

Question 10

Flashcard 10:
- Q: What valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium?

Answer 10

• A: The bicuspid (mitral) valve.

Question 11

Flashcard 11:
- Q: What is the function of the tendons linked to the atrioventricular valves?

Answer 11

• A: To prevent the valves from turning inside out.

Question 12

Flashcard 12:
- Q: What valve is located at the start of the aorta?

Answer 12

• A: The aortic semi-lunar valve.

Question 13

Flashcard 13:
- Q: What supplies the heart muscle with blood?

Answer 13

• A: The coronary arteries.

Question 14

Flashcard 14:
- Q: What is the function of the left ventricle?

Answer 14

• A: To pump oxygenated blood through the aortic valve into the aorta.

Question 15

Flashcard 15:
- Q: What carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

Answer 15

• A: The pulmonary veins.

Question 16

Flashcard 16:
- Q: What is the function of the vena cava inferior?

Answer 16

• A: To carry deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.

Question 17

Flashcard 17:
- Q: What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 17

• A: To carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 18

Flashcard 18:
- Q: How does the structure of arteries adapt for their function?

Answer 18

• A: Thick muscular walls to withstand high pressure and prevent bursting, and a small lumen to maintain high blood pressure.

Question 19

Flashcard 19:
- Q: How does the structure of veins adapt for their function?

Answer 19

• A: Large lumen for easy blood flow, one-way valves to prevent backflow, and thinner walls to allow skeletal muscles to squeeze veins.

Question 20

Flashcard 20:
- Q: How does the structure of capillaries adapt for their function?

Answer 20

• A: Very thin walls for easy diffusion, small endothelial gaps for exchange of materials, and smooth inner surface to reduce friction.

Question 21

Flashcard 21:
- Q: What is blood pressure?

Answer 21

• A: The pressure which the blood exerts against the wall of the blood vessel.

Question 22

Flashcard 22:
- Q: Describe the double circulatory system of a mammal.

Answer 22

• A: Blood is pumped through the heart twice during one complete journey around the body, separating oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Question 23

Flashcard 23:
- Q: What is the usual resting pulse rate for an adult?

Answer 23

• A: 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Question 24

Flashcard 24:
- Q: What are the likely causes of a heart attack?

Answer 24

• A: Poor diet, stress, smoking, age, and gender.

Question 25

**Flashcard 25:** - **Q:** What is the difference between a heart attack and a cardiac arrest?

Answer 25

- **A:** A heart attack is when a coronary artery becomes blocked, while a cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating.

Question 26

**Flashcard 26:** - **Q:** What are some preventative measures for heart disease?

Answer 26

- **A:** Follow a low cholesterol diet, avoid obesity, reduce stress, do not smoke, exercise regularly, reduce salt and sugar intake, and limit alcohol consumption.

Question 27

**Flashcard 27:** - **Q:** What are the ways to treat coronary heart disease?

Answer 27

- **A:** Drug treatment with aspirin, angioplasty, and heart bypass surgery.

Question 28

**Flashcard 28:** - **Q:** What does the lymphatic system consist of?

Answer 28

- **A:** Lymphatic vessels and lymphatic nodes.

Question 29

**Flashcard 29:** - **Q:** What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 29

- **A:** Protecting the body from infection, circulating body fluids, and absorbing and transporting fats.

Question 30

**Flashcard 30:** - **Q:** What are the components of blood?

Answer 30

- **A:** Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

Question 31

**Flashcard 31:** - **Q:** What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 31

- **A:** To transport oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

Question 32

**Flashcard 32:** - **Q:** What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 32

- **A:** To protect the body from infection through phagocytosis and antibody production.

Question 33

**Flashcard 33:** - **Q:** What is the primary function of platelets?

Answer 33

- **A:** To aid in the blood clotting process.