Chapter 21

Question 1

Congress of vienna

Answer 1

A meaning of quadruple alliance Russia Prussia Austria and great Britain and restoration France and smaller European states to fashion a general peace settlement that began after the feed of Napoleon’s France in 1814

Question 2

Holy alliance

Answer 2

in alliance formed by the conservative rulers of Austria Prussia and Russia in September 1815 that became a symbol of the repression of liberal and revolutionary movements all over Europe

Question 3

Karlsbad Decrees

Answer 3

it shouldn’t 1819 these degrees were designed to uphold modern itches conservatism requiring the German states to root out subversive ideas and squelch any liberal organizations

Question 4

Liberalism

Answer 4

The principal ideas of this movement were equality and liberty liberals demanded it representative government inequality before the law as well as individual freedoms such as freedom of the press freedom of speech freedom of assembly freedom of worship and freedom from arbitrary arrest

Question 5

Laissez faire

Answer 5

a doctrine of economic liberalism that calls for unrestricted private enterprise and no government interference in the economy

Question 6

Nationalism

Answer 6

The idea that each people had its own genius and specific identity that manifested itself especially in a common language in history and often led to the desire for an independent political state.

Question 7

Socialism

Answer 7

a backlash I can see emergence of individualism and the fragmentation of industrial society in a move towards cooperation and a sense of community the key ideas were economic planning greater social equality and state regulation of property

Question 8

Marxism

Answer 8

an influential political program based on the socialist idea of German radical Karl Marx which called for a working class revolution to overthrow capitalist society and establish a communist state

Question 9

Bourgeoisie

Answer 9

The middle class minority who owned the means of production and according to Marx exploited the working class proletariat

Question 10

Proletariat

Answer 10

The industrial working class to according to Mark’s were unfairly exploited by the prophet seeking bourgeoisie

Question 11

Romanticism

Answer 11

An artistic movement at its height from about 1790 to the 1840s that was in part a revolt against classicism and the enlightenment characterized by a belief in emotional exuberance unrestrained imagination and spontaneity in both art and personal life

Question 12

Corn laws

Answer 12

British laws governing the import and export of grain which were revised in 1815 to prohibit the importation of foreign grain unless the price at home rose to improbable levels thus benefiting the aristocracy but making food prices high for working people

Question 13

Battle of peterloo

Answer 13

The army’s violent suppression of a protest that took place at St Peter’s fields in Manchester and reaction to the revision of the corn laws

Question 14

Reform bill of 1832

Answer 14

A major British political reform that increased the number of mail voters by about 50% and gave political representation to new industrial areas

Question 15

Great famine

Answer 15

there was all a 4 years of potato crop failure in the late 1840s in Ireland a country that had grown dependent on potatoes as a dietary staple

Question 16

Greater Germany

Answer 16

a liberal plan for German national unification that included the German speaking parts of the Austria empire put forth at the national Parliament in 1848 but rejected by Austrian rulers