25 Flashcards
Triple alliance
The alliance of Austria Germany and Italy Italy left the alliance when war broke out in 1914 on the grounds that Austria had launched a war of aggression
Triple entente
The alliance of Great Britain France and Russia prior to and during the first world war
Schlieffen plan
Failed German plan calling for a lightning attack through neutral Belgium and a quick defeat of France before turning on Russia
Total war
they were in which distinctions between the soldiers on the battlefield and civilians at home are blurred and where the government plans and controls economic and social life in order to supply the armies at the front with the supplies and weapons
Trench warfare
a type of fighting used in world war I behind the rows of trenches mines and barbed wire the cost and lives was staggering and the gains and territory minimal
February revolution
Unplanned uprising a company need by violent street demonstrations begun in March 1917 in petrograd Russia. That led to the abdication of the tsar and the establishment of a provisional government
Petrograd Soviet
A huge fluctuating mass meeting of 2 to 3,000 workers soldiers and socialists intellectuals modeled in the revolutionary Soviets of 1905
Bolshevik
Lennon’s radical, revolutionary arm of the Russian party of Marxist socialism, which successfully installed a dictorial socialist regime in Russia
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Peace treaty signed in March 1918 between the Central Powers and Russia that ended Russian participation in world war I and ceded Russian territories containing a third of the Russian empire’s population to the Central Powers
War communism
The application of centralized state control during the Russian civil war in which the Bolsheviks cease to grain from peasants introduced rationing nationalized all banks and industry and required everyone to work
Treaty of Versailles
The 1919 piece settlement that ended war between Germany and that allied powers
14 points
Wilson’s 1918 piece proposal calling for open diplomacy a reduction in armaments freedom of commerce and trade, the establishment of the League of Nations, and national self-determination
League of Nations
A permanent international organization established during the 1919 Paris piece conference designed to protect the member states from aggression and over future wars
National self-determination
And the ocean that people’s should be able to choose their own national governments through democratic majority rule elections and live free from outside interference in nation states with clearly defined borders
War guilt cause
an article in the treaty of Versailles that declared that Germany was solely responsible for the war and had to pay reparations equal to all civilian damages caused by the fighting
