Chapter 21

Question 1

Americans blamed him for the Depression; he said “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage”

Answer 1

Herbert Hoover

Question 2

Campaign song was “Happy Days Are Here Again!”

Answer 2

Franklin Roosevelt

Question 3

Louisiana senator and former governor; “Share Our Wealth” scheme

Answer 3

Huey Long

Question 4

Doctor who proposed a 2 percent national sales tax to pay a pension for the elderly

Answer 4

Francis Townsend

Question 5

Roman Catholic priest who proposed to replace capitalism with “social justice”

Answer 5

Charles Coughlin

Question 6

$500 million in government loans to businesses, primarily banks

Answer 6

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Question 7

This state was hardest hit by drought in the 1930s

Answer 7

Oklahoma

Question 8

Land-improvement projects by young, unmarried men

Answer 8

Civilian Conservation Corps

Question 9

These were a tactic introduced by the CIO to gin concessions for industrial workers

Answer 9

Sit-downs

Question 10

WWI veterans who demanded an early payment of their promised bonus

Answer 10

Bonus Expeditionary Force

Question 11

Construction of bridges, courthouses, and schools

Answer 11

Public Works Administration

Question 12

$5 billion for almost all kinds of jobs, including the arts

Answer 12

Works Progress Administration

Question 13

Subsidies to farmers

Answer 13

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Question 14

His son was tragically kidnapped and murdered

Answer 14

Lindbergh

Question 15

“Voluntary” guidelines for industry

Answer 15

National Recovery Act

Question 16

Roosevelt’s informal talk broadcast over radio to inspire the public were called

Answer 16

Fireside Chats

Question 17

Protection of private money in banks

Answer 17

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporations

Question 18

This action taken by Hoover was the most harmful to the economy

Answer 18

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Question 19

Projects to provide navigation, flood control, and cheap electricity

Answer 19

Tennessee Valley Authority

Question 20

The Republican that lost to Roosevelt by a landslide in the 1936 election

Answer 20

Alf Landon

Question 21

Unskilled workers were organized by him

Answer 21

John L Lewis

Question 22

Old-age pensions and unemployment insurance

Answer 22

Social Security Act

Question 23

Labor union for unskilled workers

Answer 23

Congress of Industrial Organizations

Question 24

The name that was given to the economic “crisis” of the 1930s resulting from the heavy debts of American, unpaid European debts to the US, and the growth of pessimism

Answer 24

Great Depression

Question 25

The name attached to Roosevelt’s efforts to conquer the Depression; it’s three R’s were recovery, reform & relief.

Answer 25

New Deal

Question 26

This crisis swept the nation at the very end of Hoover’s administration,threatening economic

Answer 26

Banking Crisis

Question 27

This name was given to the group of advisors who helped Roosevelt formulate a plan to overcome The Depression

Answer 27

Brain Trust

Question 28

The southern Great Plains were called during the devastating drought of the 1930s

Answer 28

Dust Bowl

Question 29

A major difference between Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt was Hoover’s sincere support of

Answer 29

A balanced budget

Question 30

Which of Roosevelts efforts did the political left oppose

Answer 30

Being fair in taxation

Question 31

How did Roosevelt make the Supreme Court support his New Deal policies

Answer 31

He replaced retiring justices with his own supporters

Question 32

What tactic did the CIO introduce to gain concessions for industrial workers

Answer 32

Sit down strikes

Question 33

What was the theme of the New York worlds fair

Answer 33

The world of tomorrow

Question 34

The three most significant contributors to the Great Depression

Answer 34

The growth of pessimism,the heavy debts of Americans, unpaid European debts to the

Question 35

Herbert Hoover refused to do what to help the unemployed

Answer 35

Offer a dole to the unemployed

Question 36

The number of criminal gangs fell/rose dramatically with the end of the Roaring Twenties and the end of prohibition

Answer 36

Fell

Question 37

How did Hoover’s efforts to fight the depression using a combination of voluntary cooperation and government interference in the free market end

Answer 37

In humiliating failure

Question 38

Explain the foundational problem inherent in the social security system.

Answer 38

Aside from the fact that the constitution gives no authority for the federal government to establish and provide for citizens a retirement program, or safety net, which many students might offer as an answer, the system has an even more practical problem inherent in its operations. It was based on the belief that there would always be more workers paying into the system than collecting benefits and that it could always meet its obligations to those who retired from the taxes paid by workers. Today, however, the worker-to-recipient ratio has closed.

Question 39

Explain why President Hoover opposed the use of unearned government handouts to meet the needs of impoverished Americans

Answer 39

Hoover believed that work relief was far better because it would at least discourage idleness and preserve the self-respect of the needy. He wanted to keep most of the relief efforts under the control of the state and local governments rather than create larger federal relief agencies. That would allow the measures taken to be more easily adapted to the needs in each local area.