Chapter 21 Flashcards
Americans blamed him for the Depression; he said “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage”
Herbert Hoover
Campaign song was “Happy Days Are Here Again!”
Franklin Roosevelt
Louisiana senator and former governor; “Share Our Wealth” scheme
Huey Long
Doctor who proposed a 2 percent national sales tax to pay a pension for the elderly
Francis Townsend
Roman Catholic priest who proposed to replace capitalism with “social justice”
Charles Coughlin
$500 million in government loans to businesses, primarily banks
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
This state was hardest hit by drought in the 1930s
Oklahoma
Land-improvement projects by young, unmarried men
Civilian Conservation Corps
These were a tactic introduced by the CIO to gin concessions for industrial workers
Sit-downs
WWI veterans who demanded an early payment of their promised bonus
Bonus Expeditionary Force
Construction of bridges, courthouses, and schools
Public Works Administration
$5 billion for almost all kinds of jobs, including the arts
Works Progress Administration
Subsidies to farmers
Agricultural Adjustment Act
His son was tragically kidnapped and murdered
Lindbergh
“Voluntary” guidelines for industry
National Recovery Act
Roosevelt’s informal talk broadcast over radio to inspire the public were called
Fireside Chats
Protection of private money in banks
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporations
This action taken by Hoover was the most harmful to the economy
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Projects to provide navigation, flood control, and cheap electricity
Tennessee Valley Authority
The Republican that lost to Roosevelt by a landslide in the 1936 election
Alf Landon
Unskilled workers were organized by him
John L Lewis
Old-age pensions and unemployment insurance
Social Security Act
Labor union for unskilled workers
Congress of Industrial Organizations
The name that was given to the economic “crisis” of the 1930s resulting from the heavy debts of American, unpaid European debts to the US, and the growth of pessimism
Great Depression
The name attached to Roosevelt’s efforts to conquer the Depression; it’s three R’s were recovery, reform & relief.
New Deal
This crisis swept the nation at the very end of Hoover’s administration,threatening economic
Banking Crisis
This name was given to the group of advisors who helped Roosevelt formulate a plan to overcome The Depression
Brain Trust
The southern Great Plains were called during the devastating drought of the 1930s
Dust Bowl
A major difference between Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt was Hoover’s sincere support of
A balanced budget
Which of Roosevelts efforts did the political left oppose
Being fair in taxation
How did Roosevelt make the Supreme Court support his New Deal policies
He replaced retiring justices with his own supporters
What tactic did the CIO introduce to gain concessions for industrial workers
Sit down strikes
What was the theme of the New York worlds fair
The world of tomorrow
The three most significant contributors to the Great Depression
The growth of pessimism,the heavy debts of Americans, unpaid European debts to the
Herbert Hoover refused to do what to help the unemployed
Offer a dole to the unemployed
The number of criminal gangs fell/rose dramatically with the end of the Roaring Twenties and the end of prohibition
Fell
How did Hoover’s efforts to fight the depression using a combination of voluntary cooperation and government interference in the free market end
In humiliating failure
Explain the foundational problem inherent in the social security system.
Aside from the fact that the constitution gives no authority for the federal government to establish and provide for citizens a retirement program, or safety net, which many students might offer as an answer, the system has an even more practical problem inherent in its operations. It was based on the belief that there would always be more workers paying into the system than collecting benefits and that it could always meet its obligations to those who retired from the taxes paid by workers. Today, however, the worker-to-recipient ratio has closed.
Explain why President Hoover opposed the use of unearned government handouts to meet the needs of impoverished Americans
Hoover believed that work relief was far better because it would at least discourage idleness and preserve the self-respect of the needy. He wanted to keep most of the relief efforts under the control of the state and local governments rather than create larger federal relief agencies. That would allow the measures taken to be more easily adapted to the needs in each local area.
