Chapter 14 Flashcards
Effort to blockade the South and capture the Mississippi River
Anaconda Plan
The South’s main army in the East
Army of Northern Virginia
The North’s main army in the East
Army of Potomac
Democrats who were for peace, who sympathized the South, and who opposed Lincoln
Copperheads
Sherman’s destruction of Georgia
March to the sea
Northern ironclad with a revolving gun turret
Monitor
Early, unsuccessful attempt to capture the Southern Capital
Peninsular Campaign
Diversion of two Union armies by a small Confederate force
Valley Campaign
Southern ironclad that threatened to break the blockade
Virginia
Continual fighting in the woods north of Richmond
Wilderness Campaign
Surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia
Appomattox Court House
Confederate loss that opened the door for Sherman’s march
Battle of Chattanooga
Resulted in the Emancipation Proclamation
Battle of Antietam
Marked the end of the South’s offensive capabilities
Battle of Gettysburg
Grant’s army was caught “napping”
Battle of Shiloh
First major land battle of the war
First Battle of Manassa
Opened Tennessee to invasion
Forts Henry and Donelson
The South’s successful defense of its capital
Seven Days’ Battles
Efforts to capture the rail center feeding Richmond
Siege of Petersburg
Loss that gave the North total control of the Mississippi River
Siege of Vicksburg
Famous speech given by Lincoln to dedicate a war cemetery for one of the bloodiest battles of the war
Gettysburg Address
The draft or compulsory enrollment of men into military service
Conscription
State unconstitutionally admitted into the Union during the war
West Virginia
This was the central issue that sparked the war
States’ rights
General who once left the army because of alleged drunkenness
Ulysses S. Grant
General who played a critical support role in the confederate victories: 1st Manassas, Seven Days’ Battles, Second Manassas, and Chancellorsville
Stonewall Jackson
Iron plated war ship
Ironclad
Military strategist who was assistant to Jefferson Davis
Robert E. Lee
This event almost brought Britain into the war
Trent Affair
With this President Lincoln, all slaves in rebel-controlled territory would be freed. It excluded slaves in the Union’s border states and in Confederate territories already under Union control
Emancipation Proclamation
Merchant ships that risked the wrath of the Union navy to bring supplies into Southern ports
Blockade Runner
Battle that on the final day entrenched Confederate positions that left 7,000 Union soldiers dead
Battle of Cold Harbor
This Battle and the fall of this city helped ensure Lincoln’s re-election
Battle of Atlanta
What was one of the South’s primary advantages at the outset of the war
Better Commanders
What was the significance of the clash between the Monitor and the Virginia
Age of wooden ships began to come to a close
Which battle was the bloodiest DAY of the Civil War
Antietam
What caused a major riot in New York in 1863
Conscription
A slave state that did not secede was considered a
Border state
The capture of what city ensured Lincoln’s reelection in 1864
Atlanta
During what daring campaign did Grant cut his army off from his supply bases to surprise his enemy
Vicksburg
Describe the strategy behind General Winfield Scott’s Anaconda Plan
- Scott proposed a blockade of Southern ports to compound the Confederacy’s supply problems.
- He also proposed the capture of the Mississippi River to split the Confederacy and hamper its ability to move men and supplies from east to west
- Since Scott believed that a quick military victory over the South was unlikely, his plan involved slowly cutting off the Confederacy’s ability to make war by dividing and conquering the South’s heartland
In which way did the war benefit the Northern Homefront
- With farm hands away fighting, farmers who remained at home had to rely more heavily on mechanical means to do their work. As a result, Northern farms began to produce more foodstuffs during the war than they had before.
- Likewise, heavy industries, such as iron working, profited from the army’s need for cannons, iron for ships, and other armaments.
