Chapter 21

Question 1

algae

Answer 1

protists that perform photosynthesis

Question 2

antibiotics

Answer 2

chemical compounds produced by one microorganism that are toxic to another microorganism

Question 3

binary fission

Answer 3

the form of reproduction carried out by prokaryotic cells in which the chromosome replicates and the cell pinches between the attachment points of the two resulting chromosomes to form two new cells

Question 4

capsid

Answer 4

a protein coat that surrounds the genetic material in almost all viruses

Question 5

colonial multicellularity

Answer 5

a form of life in which individual cells form stable assocations with one another but do not take on specialized roles

Question 6

eukaryote

Answer 6

an organism that is a member of domain Eukarya

Question 7

extremophile

Answer 7

an organism that grows optimally in one or more conditions that would kill most other organisms

Question 8

mutualism

Answer 8

a form of relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit

Question 9

pathogenic

Answer 9

disease-causing

Question 10

pathogenic or non pathogenic examples

Answer 10

viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi

Question 11

phytoplankton

Answer 11

small photosynthesizing organisms that drift in the upper layers of oceans or bodies of freshwater, often forming the base of aquatic food webs

Question 12

prokaryote

Answer 12

a single-celled organism whose complement of DNA is not contained within a nucleus