Chapter 20

Question 1

bipedalism

Answer 1

among primates, the trait of walking upright, on two legs. Along with tooth structure, the most important trait in defining species that are classified as hominins, meaning members of the taxon of human-like primates

Question 2

Hominini

Answer 2

the taxonomic grouping of human-like primates. Modern human beings, or Homo sapiens, are one of the species within Hominini. All other hominin species are now extinct

Question 3

Homo sapiens (H. sapiens)

Answer 3

the species of modern human beings. The last surviving species within the taxonomic category of Hominini or human-like primates

Question 4

Neanderthal

Answer 4

a now-extinct species of hominin that lived in Europe and Asia from approximately 350,000-28,000 years ago

Question 5

paleoanthropologist

Answer 5

a scientist who studies human evolution by means of analyzing fossils