Chapter 13

Question 1

DNA polymerase

Answer 1

an enzyme that is active in DNA replication, separating strands of DNA, bringing bases to the parental strands, and correcting errors by removing and replacing incorrect base pairs.

Question 2

germ-line cell

Answer 2

the succession of parent and daughter cells that ultimately produce either eggs or sperm.

Question 3

molecular biology

Answer 3

a notation specifying the elements in a molecule, with the number of atoms of each element in the molecule shown as a subscript. It reveals the constituent elements of a molecule, but not the spatial arrangement of those elements.

Question 4

mutation

Answer 4

a permanent alteration of a DNA base sequence

Question 5

nucleotide

Answer 5

the building block of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base.

Question 6

point mutation

Answer 6

a mutation of a single base pair in a genome.

Question 7

somatic cell

Answer 7

any cell that is not and will not become an egg or sperm cell