Chapter 20 Reproductive System Flashcards
What are gametes?
Gametes are specialized reproductive or sex cells.
What is the ultimate function of the reproductive systems?
The ultimate function of the reproductive system is to transmit our genes into a new generation, ensuring that our genetic information continues after we are gone.
What is the name of the male gonads?
Testes
In what specific structures of the gonad are the sperm produced?
Seminiferous tubules
What hormone is produced in the male gonad?
Testosterone
What duct leads from the epididymis?
Vas deferens
Which organs produce the fluid in semen?
Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands
What is the function of erectile tissues?
To allow entry and deposition of sperm into the vagina
What is the name of the female gonads?
Ovaries
Where are the female glands located?
Attached to ligaments in the pelvic cavity on each side of the uterus
What is oogenesis?
The production of female gametes or sex cells
What hormones are produced by the female gonads?
Estrogen and progesterone
What is another name for uterine tubes?
Fallopian tubes
What three major functions the uterus performs?
Menstruation, pregnancy, and labor
What substance is conducted through lactiferous ducts?
Breast milk
Which female structure is made of erectile tissue?
Clitoris
What is another name for menses?
Menstrual flow or menarche
Which hormone reaches a high peak just before ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone
Organs of the reproductive system can be classified as: a. essential and nonessential. b. nonessential and accessory. c. essential and accessory. d. accessory and nonaccessory.
c.
essential and accessory.
In both sexes, the essential organs of reproduction that produce the gametes are called: a. testes. b. ovaries. c. genitals. d. gonads.
d.
gonads.
A tough, white, fibrous membrane called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ surrounds each testis. a. gonad b. epididymis c. bulbourethral gland d. tunica albuginea
d.
tunica albuginea
Why is the scrotum located outside the body?
a.
It provides an environment about 1° C warmer than normal body temperature.
b.
It provides an environment about 1° C cooler than normal body temperature.
c.
It is better protected from internal bacterial infection.
d.
It provides an environment similar to the internal body.
b.
It provides an environment about 1° C cooler than normal body temperature.
Which of the following is not a function of testosterone?
a.
It masculinizes.
b.
It promotes and maintains the development of male accessory organs.
c.
It has a stimulating effect on protein anabolism.
d.
It has a stimulating effect on protein catabolism.
d.
It has a stimulating effect on protein catabolism.
The mixture of sperm and the secretions of the accessory organs or glands is called a. seminal vesicles. b. semen. c. ejaculation. d. ovum.
b.
semen.
What is the structure that connects the epididymis with the ejaculatory duct? a. Cowper’s gland b. urethra c. vas deferens d. seminal vesicle
c.
vas deferens
The prostate secretes a thin alkaline substance that constitutes about a. 20% of the seminal fluid volume. b. 10% of the seminal fluid volume. c. 60% of the seminal fluid volume. d. 30% of the seminal fluid volume.
d.
30% of the seminal fluid volume.
The mucus-like secretions of this gland contribute less than 5% of the seminal fluid volume. a. prostate b. bulbourethral c. seminal vesicle d. urethra
b.
bulbourethral
The essential organ of reproduction in women is the: a. uterus. b. ovary. c. vagina. d. all are essential organs of reproduction.
b.
ovary.
During a woman’s lifetime, how many primary follicles fully develop into mature follicles? a. 100-250 b. 250-350 c. 350-500 d. 500-750
c.
350-500
The production of female gametes is called a. spermatogenesis. b. ovogenesis. c. menses. d. oogenesis.
d.
oogenesis.
What are the two functions of the ovaries?
a.
oogenesis and secretion of estrogen
b.
oogenesis and secretion of progesterone
c.
oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and luteinizing hormone
d.
oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and progesterone
d.
oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and progesterone
The movement of the ovum through the uterine tubes is facilitated by a. flagellated action. b. muscular action. c. a fluid secretion. d. ciliary action.
d.
ciliary action.
The small organ that is made of erectile tissue and is located just behind the anterior junction of the labia minora is called the a. vaginal orifice. b. labia majora. c. greater vestibular glands. d. clitoris.
d.
clitoris.
The menstrual cycle is divided into the following phases except a. menses. b. proliferative phase. c. menopause. d. secretory phase.
c.
menopause.
The two hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and influence the female reproductive cycle are a. prolactin and estrogen. b. estrogen and progesterone. c. FSH and LH. d. FSH and estrogen.
c.
FSH and LH.
The development of the fetus in a location other than the uterus is called a(n) a. episiotomy. b. ectopic pregnancy. c. ovarian pregnancy. d. fallopian pregnancy.
b.
ectopic pregnancy.
Failure to have a menstrual period is called a. menorrhea. b. amenorrhea. c. menses. d. luteinization.
b.
amenorrhea.
Birth control pills that contain estrogen act to suppress what hormone? a. LH b. progesterone c. FSH d. Estrogen
c.
FSH
