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BSF - Body Structure and Function > Chap 11 Blood > Flashcards

Chap 11 Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main types of “formed elements” of blood?

A

Red blood cells or erythrocytesWhite blood cells or leukocytes Platelets or thrombocytes

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2
Q

What are the subtypes of white blood cells or leukocytes?

A

Granular leukocytes - neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophilsNongranular - lymphocytes and monocytes

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3
Q

What is the difference between blood plasma and blood serum?

A

Plasma is the liquid (extracellular) part of blood.Serum is plasma minus it’s clotting factors, still contains antibodies.

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4
Q

What protein in blood cells carries oxygen?

A

Hemoglobin

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5
Q

Can you give a broad definition of anemia?

A

Deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin.

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6
Q

In general, what function do the WBC’s perform?

A

They defend the body from cancer cells that firm inside our tissues and from micro organisms that have succeeded in invading our body.

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7
Q

What is the role of fibrin in blood clotting?

A

Fibrin looks like a tangle of fine threads with RBCs caught in the tangle. This mesh work is the blood clot that forms a more long-term seal of the damaged blood vessel. The clotting mechanism contains clues for ways to stop bleeding by speeding up blood clotting.

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8
Q

What is the antigen in blood typing?

A

An antigen is a substance that can activate the immune system to make certain responses, including the production of antibodies.

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9
Q

What is meant when a person’s blood is described as “Rh negative”?

A

The Rh antigen is not present on their red cells.

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10
Q

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide transport

A

Erythrocyte

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11
Q

Immune defense (phagocytosis)

A

Neutrophil

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12
Q

Defense against parasites

A

Eosinophil

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13
Q

Inflammatory response

A

Basophil

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14
Q

Antibody production

A

B lymphocyte

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15
Q

Cellular immune response; destroys virally infected cells and cancer cells

A

T lymphocyte

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16
Q

Immune defenses (phagocytosis)

A

Monocyte

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17
Q

Blood clotting

A

Platelet

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18
Q

Anti-bodies causing antigens to clump or stick together

A

Agglutinate

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19
Q

One of several types of proteins normally found in blood plasma;help stick in the blood

A

Albumin

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20
Q

Deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin

A

Anemia

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21
Q

Substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific substance (antigen) that has entered the body

A

Anti-body

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22
Q

Blood disorder characterized by low red blood cell count; caused by destruction of myeloid tissue in the bone marrow

A

Aplastic anemia

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23
Q

White blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes

A

Basophil

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24
Q

Thin layer of white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets located between red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma in a centrifuged sample of blood

A

Buffy coat

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25
Q

The compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

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26
Q

Proportion of each type of WBC reported as a percentage of the total WBC count

A

Differential WBC count

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27
Q

Obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign matter carried in the bloodstream

28
Q

A blood clot or other substance (bubble of air) that is moving in the blood and may block a blood vessel

29
Q

White blood cell that is readily stained by eosin

A

Eosinophil

30
Q

A disease that may develop when an Rh-negative mother has anti-Rh antibodies and gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and the antibodies react with the Rh-positive cells of the baby

A

Erythroblastosis fetalis

31
Q

Red blood cells

A

Erythrocyte

32
Q

Insoluble protein in clotted blood

33
Q

Soluble blood protein that is converted to insoluble fibrin during clotting

A

Fibrinogen

34
Q

A type of plasma protein that includes antibodies

35
Q

Volume percent of blood cells in whole blood

A

Hematocrit (Hct)

36
Q

Iron containing protein in red blood cells

A

Hemoglobin

37
Q

Condition characterized by low oxygen-carrying capacity of blood; caused by decreased red blood cell (RBC) life span and / or increased rate of RBC destruction

A

Hemorrhagic anemia

38
Q

Substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting

39
Q

A system of standardizing the results of anticoagulantion

A

International Normal Ratio (INR)

40
Q

Condition in which there are inadequate levels of iron in the diet so that less hemoglobin is produced; results in extreme fatigue

A

Iron deficiency anemia

41
Q

Blood cancer characterized by an increase in white blood cells

42
Q

White blood cells

43
Q

Abnormally high white blood cell numbers in the blood

A

Leukocytosis

44
Q

Abnormally low white blood cell numbers in the blood

A

Leukopenia

45
Q

Type of white blood cell; see B cell and T cell

A

Lymphocyte

46
Q

Phagocytic cells in the immune system

A

Macrophage

47
Q

A phagocyte

48
Q

Tissue pertaining to bone marrow

49
Q

White blood cell that stains readily with neutral dyes

A

Neutrophil

50
Q

Hemoglobin combined with oxygen

A

Oxyhemoglobin

51
Q

Deficiency of red blood cells resulting from a lack of vitamin B12

A

Pernicious anemia

52
Q

White blood cell that engulfs microbes and digests them

53
Q

The liquid part of the blood

54
Q

Any of several proteins normally found in the plasma; includes albumins,globulins, and fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein

55
Q

a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.

56
Q

Excessive number of red blood cells

A

Polycythemia

57
Q

A protein present in normal blood that is required for blood clotting

A

Prothrombin

58
Q

A protein formed by clotting factors from damaged tissue cells and platelets; converts prothrombin into thrombin,a step essential to forming a blood clot

A

Prothrombin activator

59
Q

Blood plasma minus its clotting factors,still contains antibodies

60
Q

Severe, possibly fatal, hereditary disease caused by an abnormal type of hemaglobin

A

Sickle cell anemia

61
Q

When only one defective gene is inherited and only a small amount of hemoglobin that is less soluble than usual is produced

A

Sickle cell trait

62
Q

Protein important in blood clotting

63
Q

Also called a platelet; plays a role in blood clotting

A

Thrombocyte

64
Q

Formation of a clot in a blood vessel

A

Thrombosis

65
Q

Stationary blood clot

66
Q

Total amount of WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood

A

Total WBC count

BSF - Body Structure and Function (12 decks)

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