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BSF - Body Structure and Function > Chap 11 Blood > Flashcards

Chap 11 Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main types of “formed elements” of blood?

A

Red blood cells or erythrocytesWhite blood cells or leukocytes Platelets or thrombocytes

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2
Q

What are the subtypes of white blood cells or leukocytes?

A

Granular leukocytes - neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophilsNongranular - lymphocytes and monocytes

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3
Q

What is the difference between blood plasma and blood serum?

A

Plasma is the liquid (extracellular) part of blood.Serum is plasma minus it’s clotting factors, still contains antibodies.

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4
Q

What protein in blood cells carries oxygen?

A

Hemoglobin

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5
Q

Can you give a broad definition of anemia?

A

Deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin.

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6
Q

In general, what function do the WBC’s perform?

A

They defend the body from cancer cells that firm inside our tissues and from micro organisms that have succeeded in invading our body.

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7
Q

What is the role of fibrin in blood clotting?

A

Fibrin looks like a tangle of fine threads with RBCs caught in the tangle. This mesh work is the blood clot that forms a more long-term seal of the damaged blood vessel. The clotting mechanism contains clues for ways to stop bleeding by speeding up blood clotting.

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8
Q

What is the antigen in blood typing?

A

An antigen is a substance that can activate the immune system to make certain responses, including the production of antibodies.

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9
Q

What is meant when a person’s blood is described as “Rh negative”?

A

The Rh antigen is not present on their red cells.

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10
Q

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide transport

A

Erythrocyte

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11
Q

Immune defense (phagocytosis)

A

Neutrophil

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12
Q

Defense against parasites

A

Eosinophil

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13
Q

Inflammatory response

A

Basophil

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14
Q

Antibody production

A

B lymphocyte

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15
Q

Cellular immune response; destroys virally infected cells and cancer cells

A

T lymphocyte

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16
Q

Immune defenses (phagocytosis)

A

Monocyte

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17
Q

Blood clotting

A

Platelet

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18
Q

Anti-bodies causing antigens to clump or stick together

A

Agglutinate

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19
Q

One of several types of proteins normally found in blood plasma;help stick in the blood

A

Albumin

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20
Q

Deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin

A

Anemia

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21
Q

Substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific substance (antigen) that has entered the body

A

Anti-body

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22
Q

Blood disorder characterized by low red blood cell count; caused by destruction of myeloid tissue in the bone marrow

A

Aplastic anemia

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23
Q

White blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes

A

Basophil

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24
Q

Thin layer of white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets located between red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma in a centrifuged sample of blood

A

Buffy coat

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25
The compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin
Carbaminohemoglobin
26
Proportion of each type of WBC reported as a percentage of the total WBC count
Differential WBC count
27
Obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign matter carried in the bloodstream
Embolism
28
A blood clot or other substance (bubble of air) that is moving in the blood and may block a blood vessel
Embolus
29
White blood cell that is readily stained by eosin
Eosinophil
30
A disease that may develop when an Rh-negative mother has anti-Rh antibodies and gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and the antibodies react with the Rh-positive cells of the baby
Erythroblastosis fetalis
31
Red blood cells
Erythrocyte
32
Insoluble protein in clotted blood
Fibrin
33
Soluble blood protein that is converted to insoluble fibrin during clotting
Fibrinogen
34
A type of plasma protein that includes antibodies
Globulin
35
Volume percent of blood cells in whole blood
Hematocrit (Hct)
36
Iron containing protein in red blood cells
Hemoglobin
37
Condition characterized by low oxygen-carrying capacity of blood; caused by decreased red blood cell (RBC) life span and / or increased rate of RBC destruction
Hemorrhagic anemia
38
Substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting
Heparin
39
A system of standardizing the results of anticoagulantion
International Normal Ratio (INR)
40
Condition in which there are inadequate levels of iron in the diet so that less hemoglobin is produced; results in extreme fatigue
Iron deficiency anemia
41
Blood cancer characterized by an increase in white blood cells
Leukemia
42
White blood cells
Leukocyte
43
Abnormally high white blood cell numbers in the blood
Leukocytosis
44
Abnormally low white blood cell numbers in the blood
Leukopenia
45
Type of white blood cell; see B cell and T cell
Lymphocyte
46
Phagocytic cells in the immune system
Macrophage
47
A phagocyte
Monocyte
48
Tissue pertaining to bone marrow
Myeloid
49
White blood cell that stains readily with neutral dyes
Neutrophil
50
Hemoglobin combined with oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin
51
Deficiency of red blood cells resulting from a lack of vitamin B12
Pernicious anemia
52
White blood cell that engulfs microbes and digests them
Phagocyte
53
The liquid part of the blood
Plasma
54
Any of several proteins normally found in the plasma; includes albumins,globulins, and fibrinogen
Plasma protein
55
a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.
Platelet
56
Excessive number of red blood cells
Polycythemia
57
A protein present in normal blood that is required for blood clotting
Prothrombin
58
A protein formed by clotting factors from damaged tissue cells and platelets; converts prothrombin into thrombin,a step essential to forming a blood clot
Prothrombin activator
59
Blood plasma minus its clotting factors,still contains antibodies
Serum
60
Severe, possibly fatal, hereditary disease caused by an abnormal type of hemaglobin
Sickle cell anemia
61
When only one defective gene is inherited and only a small amount of hemoglobin that is less soluble than usual is produced
Sickle cell trait
62
Protein important in blood clotting
Thrombin
63
Also called a platelet; plays a role in blood clotting
Thrombocyte
64
Formation of a clot in a blood vessel
Thrombosis
65
Stationary blood clot
Thrombus
66
Total amount of WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood
Total WBC count

BSF - Body Structure and Function (12 decks)

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