Chapter 2 - Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMT

Question 1

Stress reaction resulting from exposure to a high-stress situation.

Answer 1

Acute stress reaction

Question 2

Occurs from exposure to high-stress situation; however, the signs and symptoms are not evident immediately.

Answer 2

Delayed stress reaction

Question 3

Stress reaction as a result of constant exposure to stressful situations that build over time.

Answer 3

Cumulative stress reaction

Question 4

Ideally held within 24-72 hours of a critical incident.

Answer 4

Critical incident stress debriefing

Question 5

A version of CISD held within 1 to 4 hours following a critical incident.

Answer 5

Defusing

Question 6

Five emotional stages of death :

Answer 6

Denial (not me..)
Anger (why me..)
Bargaining (okay, but first let me..)
Depression (okay, but I haven't..)
Acceptance (okay, I am not afraid..)

Question 7

Microscopic single-celled organisms that have the capability of reproducing on their own with a host (patients body) that can provide a favorable environment and food supply.

Answer 7

Bacteria

Question 8

Even smaller than bacteria, cannot grow on their own but require a host cell to reproduce.

Answer 8

Viruses

Question 9

Plant like micro organisms that typically do not cause infection in a person with a normally functioning immune system.

Answer 9

Fungi

Question 10

Single-celled organisms that are typically found in the soil and are able to move.

Answer 10

Protozoa

Question 11

Parasitic worms, such as round worms, flukes, and tapeworms that cause infection.

Answer 11

Helminths

Question 12

Protecting yourself from disease transmission through exposure to blood and other body fluids.

Answer 12

Standard precautions

Question 13

The equipment utilized for standard precautions.

Answer 13

PPE

Question 14

The process of washing a soiled object with soap and water.

Answer 14

Cleaning

Question 15

Includes cleaning, but also involves using a hospital grade disinfectant or germicide to kill many of the microorganisms that may be present on the surface of the object.

Answer 15

Disinfecting

Question 16

The process by which an object is subject to a chemical or physical substance (such as superheated steam in an auto clave) that kills all microorganisms on the surface of an object.

Answer 16

Sterilization

Question 17

State of exhaustion and irritability.

Answer 17

Burnout

Question 18

Hepatitis B virus symptoms :

Answer 18

Fatigue
Nausea and loss of appetite
Abdominal pain
Headache
Fever
Yellowish color of skin and whites of eyes (jaundice)
Dark urine

Question 19

Hepatitis C symptoms :

Answer 19

Jaundice (yellow color to skin and eyes)
Fatigue
Abdominal pain (may be located in right upper quadrant)
Nausea
Dark urine
Loss of appetite

Question 20

Tuberculosis symptoms :

Answer 20

Fever
Cough (often coughing up blood)
Night sweats
Weight loss

Question 21

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome symptoms

Answer 21

Persistent, low-grade fever
Night sweats
Swollen lymph glands
Loss of appetite 
Nausea
Persistent diarrhea
Headache
Sore throat
Fatigue
Weight loss
Shortness of breath
Mental status changes
Muscle joint aches
Rash
Various opportunistic infections

Question 22

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome symptoms :

Answer 22

High fever of usually greater than 100°F
Headache and body ache
General feeling of discomfort
Respiratory symptoms 
Diarrhea
Dry cough

Question 23

West Nile Virus symptoms :

Answer 23

Severe :
High fever
Headache be stiff neck
Confusion and disorientation to coma
Seizures
Muscle weakness
Numbness
Paralysis
Vision loss

Mild :
Fever
Headache and body ache
Nausea and vomiting
Skin rash to chest, stomach, and back
Soreness to neck from swollen lymph glands

Question 24

HIV/AIDS transmission mode :

Answer 24

Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, blood transfusion, needlestick, transplacental

Question 25

Hep B and C transmission mode :

Answer 25

Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, needlestick, transplacental, human bite, sexual contact (HBV)

Question 26

Tuberculosis transmission mode :

Answer 26

Respiratory secretions, airborne or direct contact

Question 27

Influenza transmission mode :

Answer 27

Airborne droplets, direct contact with body fluids

Question 28

Chicken pox (varicella) transmission mode :

Answer 28

Airborne droplets, direct contact with open sores

Question 29

Bacterial meningitis transmission mode :

Answer 29

Oral and nasal secretions

Question 30

Pneumonia transmission mode :

Answer 30

Respiratory secretions and droplets

Question 31

German measles (rubella) transmission mode :

Answer 31

Airborne droplets, transplacental

Question 32

Whooping cough (pertussis) transmission mode :

Answer 32

Respiratory secretions, airborne droplets

Question 33

Staphylococcal skin infection transmission mode :

Answer 33

Direct contact with infected lesion or contaminated object

Question 34

Severe acute respiratory (SARS) coronavirus transmission mode :

Answer 34

Respiratory airborne, direct contact