Chapter 2 Test

Question 0

Sherrington inferred the presence of a gap between neurons based on….?

A) the existence of spinal reflexes

B) inconsistent occurrence of conduction

C) slower that predicted speed of conduction

D) suppression of reflexes

Answer 0

B) slower than predicted speed of conduction

Question 1

What is the circuit from sensory neuron to muscle response called?

A) reflex arc

B) efferent circuit

C) afferent loop

D) neural network

Answer 1

A) reflex arc

Question 2

What term is used for the cumulative effect of repeated stimulation over a brief period of time?

A) temporal summation

B) excitatory postsynaptic potential

C) spatial summation

D) inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Answer 2

A) temporal summation

Question 3

The temporary hyperpolarization of a membrane is a(n)….?

A) spatial summation

B) inhibitory postsynaptic potential

C) excitatory postsynaptic potential

D) temporal summation

Answer 3

B) inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Question 4

What term describes periodic production of action potentials, even without synaptic input?

A) IPSP

B) spontaneous firing

C) spatial summation

D) EPSP

Answer 4

B) spontaneous firing

Question 5

Consider a wiring arrangement of neurons in which the two neurons (A and B) stimulate a third neuron (X). Neither neuron A nor B can stimulate X on its own, but can excite neuron X in combination. This is an example of…..?

A) an IPSP

B) an IPSP and an EPSP

C) spatial summation

D) temporal summation

Answer 5

C) spatial summation

Question 6

In which neurotransmitter category does GABA belong?

A) purines

B) neuropeptides

C) monoamines

D) amino acids

Answer 6

D) amino acids

Question 7

Adenosine is an example of the …….. Category of neurotransmitters.

A) amino acid

B) monoamine

C) purine

D) gas

Answer 7

C) purine

Question 8

Nitric oxide is an example of the ……… Category of neurotransmitters.

A) monoamine

B) gas

C) purine

D) amino acid

Answer 8

B) gas

Question 9

The amount of ……. In the diet controls the amount of serotonin in the brain.

A) tyrosine

B) phenylalanine

C) tryptophan

D) lysine

Answer 9

C) tryptophan

Question 10

……. Refers to bursts of release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron.

A) exocytosis

B) aptosis

C) exotosis

D) metabotrophis

Answer 10

A) exocytosis

Question 11

Most of the brain’s excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter………….

A) glutamate

B) substance P

C) nitric oxide

D) ATP

Answer 11

A) glutamate

Question 12

Neuropeptides are characterized by ……….

A) being released by a single action potential

B) being released mostly from dendrites

C) having an action that lasts, at most, a few seconds

D) being synthesized in presynaptic terminals

Answer 12

B) being released mostly from dendrites

Question 13

Many hallucinogenic drugs are chemically similar to ………

A) serotonin

B) acetylcholine

C) dopamine

D) GABA

Answer 13

A) serotonin

Question 14

Smoking cigarettes is rewarding in part because it triggers the release of ……..

A) GABA

B) acetylcholine

C) serotonin

D) dopamine

Answer 14

D) dopamine

Question 15

Stimulant drugs, including amphetamine and cocaine, decrease reuptake and prolong the effects of ………

A) GABA

B) dopamine

C) serotonin

D) acetylcholine

Answer 15

B) dopamine

Question 16

…….. Is credited with demonstrating the existence of chemical synapses.

A) Loewi

B) Golgi

C) Ramón y Cajal

D) Sherrington

Answer 16

A) Loewi

Question 17

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in the ……….

A) pineal

B) adrenal medulla

C) pituitary

D) pancreas

Answer 17

B) adrenal medulla

Question 18

Gordon is having trouble sleeping and decides to take a supplement containing a hormone that is manufactured in the pineal. What is he most likely taking?

A) leptin

B) glucagon

C) melatonin

D) renin

Answer 18

C) melatonin

Question 19

…… Helps control appetite.

A) glucagon

B) renin

C) FSH

D) leptin

Answer 19

D) leptin