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Biol 4880 > Chapter 2 Protein > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Protein Flashcards

1
Q

proteins are linear polymers of ?

A

amino acids

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2
Q

only (L/D) isomers are used to make proteins

A

L

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3
Q

L amino acids correspond to the (S/R) configuration

A

S

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4
Q

At ? pH the amino and carboxyl groups are both charged and make a zwitterion

A

neutral

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5
Q

only non-chiral amino acid

A

glycine

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6
Q

has pka near neutral

A

histidine, pka=6

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7
Q

terminal caboxyl group pka

A

3.1

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8
Q

terminal amino group pka

A

8.0

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9
Q

aromatic amino acids

A

phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan

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10
Q

biological polymers are attached by ? reactions

A

condensation

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11
Q

Amino acid that can undergo reversible oxidation/reduction reactions to form a disulfide bonds with itself

A

cysteine

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12
Q

characteristics of peptide bond

A

partial double bond, resonance, planar (essentially), primarily in trans configuration

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13
Q

x-pro linages

A

cis peptide bonds are likely with proline

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14
Q

In contrast to the peptide bond, bonds on either side of the ? can rotate

A

alpha carbon

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15
Q

angle between alpha carbon and amine

A

phi, -80

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16
Q

angle between alpha carbon and carbonyl

A

psi, +85

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17
Q

phi and psi frequently called ? angles

A

Ramachandran

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18
Q

alpha helix and beta sheets are a result of

A

hydrogen bonding between peptide and carbonyl groups of amino acids that are near one another in a linear sequence

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19
Q

There are ? residues per right hand-turn of the alpha helix

A

3.6

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20
Q

lactoferrin complexes with ? and chages shape

A

Fe

21
Q

Two Human biological buffers

A

H3PO4^-/H2PO4^2- and H2CO3/HCO3^-

22
Q

ackalosis

A

blood ph greater than 7.45

23
Q

acidosis

A

blood ph less than 7.35

24
Q

only cyclic amino acid

A

proline

25
Q

functional group in arginine

A

guanidium

26
Q

functional group in histidine

A

imidazole

27
Q

With ramachandran angles, right handed helix is present in ? quadrant

A

third, lower left

28
Q

With ramachandran angles, beta sheet is present in ? quadrant

A

second, top left

29
Q

With ramachandran angles, left handed helix is present in ? quadrant

A

first, top right

30
Q

coiled-coil protein example

A

keratins

31
Q

leucine zipper

A

heptad repeats of leucine stabilize coiled coil

32
Q

most abundant protein in mammals

A

collagen

33
Q

repeating amino acids in collagen

A

glycine, proline

34
Q

collagen structure

A

triple helix with glycine at interior

35
Q

“inside out” proteins

A

porins

36
Q

motifs

A

secondary structure elements with characteristic function

37
Q

? motif is commonly found in proteins that bind to DNA

A

helix turn helix

38
Q

a polypeptide chain may fold into two or more compact regions called ?

A

domains

39
Q

alpha helix and beta sheets are an example of ? structures

A

secondary

40
Q

? and ? can denature proteins

A

chaotropic agents and reducing reagents

41
Q

three protein denaturing reducing agents

A

beta-mercaptoethanol, urea, guanidium chloride

42
Q

beta-mercaptoethanol disrupts protein folding by ?

A

bonding with cysteine and breaking disulfide bridges

43
Q

christian anfinsen experiment

A

protein folding is an inherent part of AA sequence

44
Q

CJD, the human equivalent of mad cow disease is caused by a ?

A

prion protein

45
Q

? accumulate in alzheimer and parkinson diseases

A

amyloid fibers

46
Q

nonpolar AA mnemonic

A

Larry fought polar vanessa with guns and intricate martial arts

47
Q

polar AA mnemonic

A

santa clause quietly tiptoed halfway north yesterday

48
Q

basin AA mnemonic

A

knife rally

49
Q

acidic AA mnemonic

A

acidic doses of ecstasy

Biol 4880 (13 decks)

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