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Biol 4880 > Chapter 16 Glycolysis > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Glycolysis Flashcards

1
Q

glycolysis creates ? from ?

A

pyruvate from glucose

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2
Q

three stages of glycolysis

A

1) activation 2) split into two G3P 3) make ATP, NADH, and pyruvate

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3
Q

Four molecules in step 1 (activation) of glycolysis

A

glucose, G6P, F6P, F16BP

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4
Q

two products from F16BP

A

dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and G3P (GAP)

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5
Q

converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate to G3P

A

triose phosphate isomerase (TPI)

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6
Q

enzyme that creates dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and G3P from F16BP

A

aldolase

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7
Q

three enzymes in stage one (activation) of glycolysis

A

hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, PFK

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8
Q

key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis

A

PFK

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9
Q

five molecules of step 3 of glycolysis

A

1,3-BPG (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate), 3-PG, 2-PG, phosphenolpyruvate, pyruvate

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10
Q

enzymes of step 3 of glycolysis

A

G3P dehydrogenase, PG kinase, PG mutase, enolase, pyruvate kinase (PK)

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11
Q

glycolysis net reaction

A

Glucose + 2Pi + 2ADP + 2NAD+ goes to 2Pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ +2H2O

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12
Q

enzymes that consume ATP

A

hexokinase, PFK

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13
Q

enzymes that produce ATP

A

PG kinase, pyruvate kinase (PK)

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14
Q

enzyme that consumes NAD+

A

G3P dehydrogenase

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15
Q

three fates of pyruvate

A

ethanol (fermentation), lactate (fermentation), Acetyl CoA (for further oxidation)

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16
Q

replenish NAD+ for glycolysis through ? rxns

A

fermentation

17
Q

common motif in dehydrogenases

A

rossman fold

18
Q

fastest enzyme control

A

allosteric

19
Q

three types of enzyme control

A

allosteric, covalent mod., transcriptional control

20
Q

? is inhibitd by G6P

A

hexokinase

21
Q

when PFK is inhibited, ? increases

A

G6P

22
Q

PFK is activated by ?

A

AMP

23
Q

pyruvate kinase is activated by ?

A

F16BP

24
Q

additional regulation of glycolysis in liver

A

inhibited by ATP and citrate, activated by F26BP, has glucokinase (in addition to hexokinase) that functins when glucose is abundant, pyruvate kinase can be covalently modified

25
Q

F26BP is produced by ?

A

PFK2

26
Q

high affinity (low km) glucose transporters

A

GLUT 1 and 3

27
Q

glucose transporter present only in liver

A

GLUT2

28
Q

gluconeogenesis produces ? from ?

A

sugar from pyruvate

29
Q

net gluconeogenesis reaction

A

2pyruvate + 4ATP + 2GTP + 2NADH +6H2O goes to glucose + 4ADP + 2GDP + 6Pi + 2NAD+ + 2H+

30
Q

glycolysis occurs in ?

A

cytoplasm

31
Q

glycolysis is aerobic/anaerobic

A

anaerobic

Biol 4880 (13 decks)

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