Chapter 16 Glycolysis

Question 1

glycolysis creates ? from ?

Answer 1

pyruvate from glucose

Question 2

three stages of glycolysis

Answer 2

1) activation 2) split into two G3P 3) make ATP, NADH, and pyruvate

Question 3

Four molecules in step 1 (activation) of glycolysis

Answer 3

glucose, G6P, F6P, F16BP

Question 4

two products from F16BP

Answer 4

dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and G3P (GAP)

Question 5

converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate to G3P

Answer 5

triose phosphate isomerase (TPI)

Question 6

enzyme that creates dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and G3P from F16BP

Answer 6

aldolase

Question 7

three enzymes in stage one (activation) of glycolysis

Answer 7

hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, PFK

Question 8

key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis

Answer 8

PFK

Question 9

five molecules of step 3 of glycolysis

Answer 9

1,3-BPG (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate), 3-PG, 2-PG, phosphenolpyruvate, pyruvate

Question 10

enzymes of step 3 of glycolysis

Answer 10

G3P dehydrogenase, PG kinase, PG mutase, enolase, pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 11

glycolysis net reaction

Answer 11

Glucose + 2Pi + 2ADP + 2NAD+ goes to 2Pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ +2H2O

Question 12

enzymes that consume ATP

Answer 12

hexokinase, PFK

Question 13

enzymes that produce ATP

Answer 13

PG kinase, pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 14

enzyme that consumes NAD+

Answer 14

G3P dehydrogenase

Question 15

three fates of pyruvate

Answer 15

ethanol (fermentation), lactate (fermentation), Acetyl CoA (for further oxidation)

Question 16

replenish NAD+ for glycolysis through ? rxns

Answer 16

fermentation

Question 17

common motif in dehydrogenases

Answer 17

rossman fold

Question 18

fastest enzyme control

Answer 18

allosteric

Question 19

three types of enzyme control

Answer 19

allosteric, covalent mod., transcriptional control

Question 20

? is inhibitd by G6P

Answer 20

hexokinase

Question 21

when PFK is inhibited, ? increases

Answer 21

G6P

Question 22

PFK is activated by ?

Answer 22

AMP

Question 23

pyruvate kinase is activated by ?

Answer 23

F16BP

Question 24

additional regulation of glycolysis in liver

Answer 24

inhibited by ATP and citrate, activated by F26BP, has glucokinase (in addition to hexokinase) that functins when glucose is abundant, pyruvate kinase can be covalently modified

Question 25

F26BP is produced by ?

Answer 25

PFK2

Question 26

high affinity (low km) glucose transporters

Answer 26

GLUT 1 and 3

Question 27

glucose transporter present only in liver

Answer 27

GLUT2

Question 28

gluconeogenesis produces ? from ?

Answer 28

sugar from pyruvate

Question 29

net gluconeogenesis reaction

Answer 29

2pyruvate + 4ATP + 2GTP + 2NADH +6H2O goes to glucose + 4ADP + 2GDP + 6Pi + 2NAD+ + 2H+

Question 30

glycolysis occurs in ?

Answer 30

cytoplasm

Question 31

glycolysis is aerobic/anaerobic

Answer 31

anaerobic