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Instructor 1 > Chapter 2: Principles of Learning > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Principles of Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Which sensory-stimulus takes in the most information?

A

Seeing

page 25

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2
Q

The Cone of Learning illustrates that people learn more when they:

A

actively participate

page 26

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3
Q

Which term first used by Dr. Malcolm Knowles is used to describe the art of teaching adults?

A

Andragogy

page 26

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4
Q

Which law of adult learning theorized by Professor Edward Thorndike suggests that habits and memories used repeatedly are strengthened and habits not reinforced are weakened?

A

Disuse

page 27

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5
Q

How many levels are in in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A

Five

page 29

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6
Q

Which learning domain encompasses “what” information a student should learn?

A

Cognitive

page 29

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7
Q

Which learning domain encompasses “how” a student should apply knowledge?

A

Psychomotor

page 29

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8
Q

Which learning domain encompasses “why” the information is useful to a student?

A

Affective

page 29

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9
Q

Age, gender, cultural and ethnic background, and learning styles are examples of which factor that contributes to a learning environment?

A

Student diversity

page 31

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10
Q

Which student diversity factor describes a preference by students to set their own goals and learn content independent of the rest of the class?

A

Self-regulated learning

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11
Q

Which term refers to the action between individuals that can reveal both similarities and differences in the way people interact?

A

Interpersonal communication

page 35

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12
Q

Which example would describe the interpersonal communication purpose of helping?

A

Attend to another person’s needs or console someone in a time of tragedy or loss

page 37

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13
Q

Which interpersonal communication term refers to verbal or nonverbal student responses to an instructor?

A

Feedback

page 37

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14
Q

How much class time do students spend listening to the instructor, other students, or audiovisual presentations?

A

50 to 75 percent

page 40

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15
Q

Which unique aspect of the listening process focuses on the speaker while ignoring any other distractions?

A

Attending

page 40

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16
Q

Which factor that affects student learning generally consists of external pressures and concerns?

A

Learning obstacles

page 41

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17
Q

Which factor that affects student learning is referred to as a break in upward progress?

A

Learning plateaus

page 42

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18
Q

Which motivation technique refers to telling students why the knowledge and skills they are learning are important and how they can be applied to real-life situations?

A

Provide relevance

page 43

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19
Q

Which motivation technique is defined as identifying criteria for successful completion of tasks, lessons, and courses?

A

Setting realistic and obtainable goals

page 43

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20
Q

Which learning theory suggest people can only change their behavior or knowledge base by engaging the five senses?

A

Sensory-Stimulus Theory

page 25

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21
Q

The mental storage system for attention-getting sensory stimuli or input is referred to as:

A

sensory memory

page 26

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22
Q

The Cone of Learning illustrates that the approximate amount of information retained by reading is:

A

10 percent

page 26

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23
Q

The Cone of Learning illustrates that approximately 90 percent of the amount of information is retained when it is:

A

said and done at the same time

page 26

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24
Q

Which learning mode results in the highest retention of information during the learning process?

A

Using multiple senses

page 26

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25
Q

Which term describes the characteristics of adult students and provides a set of assumptions for most effectively teaching adults?

A

Andragogy

page 26

26
Q

Which characteristic of andragogy assumes that adults have specific purposes for learning and want skills that can be applied to real-life situations?

A

Learning orientation

page 27

27
Q

Which learning theory suggests that there are certain laws or traits of adult learners that can be used to effectively instruct adult students?

A

Thorndike’s Laws of Learning

page 27

28
Q

Which learning theory assumes that adults learn faster and surer when they can practice an action?

A

Exercise

page 27

29
Q

Which learning theory suggests there are five stages to explain human motivation?

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

page 29

30
Q

Maslow postulated that all people are capable of reaching higher levels but their progress may be disrupted by:

A

life circumstances

page 29

31
Q

Which term refers to interrelated areas in which learning occurs?

A

Domains of learning

page 29

32
Q

Which domain of learning encompasses what information a student should learn?

A

Cognitive

page 29

33
Q

Which domain of learning refers to how a student should apply the information being taught?

A

Psychomotor

page 29

34
Q

Which domain of learning refers to why the information being taught is useful to the student?

A

Affective

page 29

35
Q

The cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains are the _____ of the learning process.

A

what, how, and why

page 29

36
Q

Which factor contributes to a learning environment including life experiences, motivation, and learning style variations?

A

Student diversity

page 31

37
Q

Which factor enhances the instructional environment with diversity of thought?

A

Increased student diversity

page 32

38
Q

Which student diversity factor describes unique customs, behaviors, attitudes, and values?

A

Cultural and ethnic background

page 34

39
Q

Which factor refers to the consistent way a person perceives, remembers, and thinks about information and solves problems?

A

Learning styles

page 35

40
Q

Which technique helps instructors reach the many individual learning styles so all students can participate in the style that enables them to learn?

A

Using a variety of methods and learning activities

page 35

41
Q

Which type of learner is likely working toward a goal for personal satisfaction?

A

Self-regulated

page 35

42
Q

Informal language, spontaneity, formality, and intensity are characteristics of:

A

interpersonal communication

page 35

43
Q

Which general purpose for interpersonal communication refers to controlling, directing, or manipulating behavior?

A

Influencing

page 37

44
Q

Which basic element of interpersonal communication involves the reaction of the receiver to the message and its tone?

A

Feedback to the sender

page 37

45
Q

Whose responsibility is it in the classroom model of instruction to interpret and encode the information in a lesson plan so it is understood?

A

Instructor

page 37

46
Q

Which factor should instructors pay attention to in order to modify the lesson to better serve students?

A

Feedback

page 37

47
Q

Which part of interpersonal communication involves the message carrying most of the abstract meaning in communication?

A

Verbal

page 38

48
Q

Which interpersonal guideline should an instructor practice to be aware of the receiver’s frame of reference?

A

Engage in dual perspective

page 38

49
Q

Which interpersonal guideline suggests instructors not exaggerate lip or mouth movements when communicating with a hearing impaired person?

A

Be aware of any special needs of the receiver

page 38

50
Q

Which component of interpersonal communication includes body language, eye contact, and personal appearance?

A

Nonverbal

page 39

51
Q

Which aspect of nonverbal communication includes practicing speaking slowly and using appropriate volume for the situation?

A

Vocal characteristics

page 39

52
Q

Which aspect of the listening process refers to focusing on the speaker while ignoring any other distractions?

A

Attending

page 41

53
Q

Which aspect of the listening process refers to critically analyzing information to determine how accurate it is?

A

Evaluating

page 41

54
Q

What aspect of the listening process involves taking notes, repeating lesson material back to an instructor, and using mnemonic devices?

A

Remembering

page 41

55
Q

Which technique is the best way to develop active listening skills?

A

Practice

page 41

56
Q

Generally, _____ to learning consist of external pressures and concerns that make the ability to focus on learning difficult and frustrating.

A

obstacles

page 41

57
Q

Which emotional response may have a negative effect on learning if students perceive they are not prepared for class?

A

Anxiety

page 41

58
Q

Students who find it difficult to reach a particular skill level may be experiencing:

A

a learning plateau

page 42

59
Q

Which motivation technique lets the student know why the knowledge or skills they are learning are important?

A

Providing relevancy

page 43

60
Q

Which motivation technique requires the instructor to provide external reasons, such as rewards, recognition, and certificates to make the student feel successful?

A

Incorporating motivators

page 43

61
Q

Which motivation technique uses activities that include discussions to develop thinking skills and provide opportunities for participation in activities that hold attention?

A

Generating interest and participation

page 43

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