Chapter 2: Organic Molecules Flashcards
________ - Compounds consisting of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen are usually water-soluble.
Carbohydrates
__________ and __________ are known as simple sugars.
Monosaccharides
disaccharides
____________ - only one (simple) sugar.
Monosaccharides
__________ - is a molecule formed from the combination of two monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis.
disaccharide
_____________ - combination of more than two monosaccharides.
Polysaccharides
- Compounds containing mainly carbon, hydrogen and are not water-soluble. Includes triglycerides.
Lipids
________ - Carbon atoms with double or single covalent bonds
fatty acids
_____________ - contains only single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon chain.
saturated fatty acid
_____________ - contains one or more double covalent bonds between the carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon chain.
unsaturated fatty acid
___________ - have a glycerol backbone and two fatty acid chains attached to the first two carbons. Like triglycerides.
phospholipids
_________ - Are large complex structures containing (mostly) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen. Basic building blocks of proteins and Amino acids.
Proteins
Generally, molecules with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen with two distinct features.
amino acid
What is the Basic unit of structure for nucleic acids ?
Nucleotides
_______ is deoxyribose (a sugar) molecule connected to a phosphate at one end and a base at the other.
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
What is the Subunits in DNA structure?
deoxy-ribonucleotides
