Chapter 2: Matter and Minerals Flashcards
Minerals are what to rocks?
The ‘building blocks’
95% of rocks make up how many minerals?
20 minerals make up 95% of rocks
What is the difference between colored and clear diamonds?
Clear diamonds are low grade, while colored diamond are more high grade and are considered impure
What is a mineral?
1) Naturally occurring
2) Homogeneous solid
3) Crystalline structure
4) Definite crystal composition
5) Inorganic
What is a rock?
1) Any natural occurring solid mass of material or minerals
2) Is usually, an aggregate of multiple minerals and fragments of other rocks
Granite has what types of minerals in it?
Quartz, Hornblende, & Feldspar
Luster
The appearance of reflected light.
Shiny metallic/ dull metallic/ or vicarious (glassy)
What is the difference in color between a mineral and a rock?
Rocks are several colors, while minerals are 1 solid color.
Minerals make up rocks
Habit
The external shape of a mineral
aka the true growth rate
Cleavage
The tendency to break along weak places of bonding
Fracture
How the mineral breaks when NO cleavage planes are present
What mineral can be several different colors?
Fluoride
Examples of crystal habit
Bladed
Prismatic
Banded
Botryoidal
What minerals contains asbestos?
Fibrous
A Conchoidal Fracture
is a break in a mineral that is concave; glass also breaks conchoidaly
(when looked at through a microscope, the break should look little little boxes)
