Chapter 2 Lecture #6 Flashcards
What is the metaphor for the human relations theory?
The “Happy Worker”
What is the center of the human relations theory?
Social well being!
What was the focus of the human relations theory?
The role of the individual
What did the human relations theory promote?
A model of human behavior based on self actualization (mazlow’s hierarchy of needs TOP)
What studies “discovered” the human relations Model
The Hawthorne Studies (1924-1932). Hawthorne works of Western Eclectic.
What 3 Taylorist that were studying his theory and doing time and motion trials discover the hawthorne effect?
Mayo, Roethisberger, Dickson
Saw growth of human relations
What is the Hawthorne effect?
People change their behavior when being watched
What was the first Hawthorne study? What did it find?
Illumination Study.
Didn’t matter what the level of brightness was, just that they changed the lighting. It made the workers know they were being watched.
What was the second Hawthorne study?
Relay Assembly Test Room.
Gave breaks, let switch shifts around, productivity reached higher levels, workers reported feeling better.
What was the third Hawthorne study?
Interview Program
Just by asking people about their work, they reported being happier
What was the fourth Hawthorne study?
Bank Wiring Room
14 Workers in room, only instructions where what to do
All lowered production in same way
Showed there was an informal structure outside the scalar chain
What were the three implications of the Hawthorne Studies?
- Powerful Influence of human communication on behavior
- Identification of informal channels of communication (how things really got done
- Identification of upward communication and feedback as useful
