Chapter 2 - Freud and Psychoanalysis

Question 1

About Freud

Answer 1

Studied under Ernst Brucke
Best of the time
Vitalism essence

Trained first as medical researcher, then became neurologist
**Adult contains child (mind and body)

Jean Martin Charcot – hypnosis

Josef Breuer – hysteria
Talking cure

Question 2

Influences on Freud

Answer 2

Romanticism

Philosophy – Arthur Schopenhauer
Borrowed and denied ideas

Biological sciences

Medicine
Ernst Brucke
Jean-Martin Charcot
Josef Breuer

Question 3

Five Characteristics of Freud’s Theories

Answer 3

Dynamic

Deterministic – motivation behind everything

Organizational/structural

Developmental

Theory and treatment of psychopathology

Question 4

Manifestation

Answer 4

Symptoms
          Physical illness with no organic cure
          Phobias
          Obsessions
          Anxiety reactions

Mistakes
          Slip of tongue
          Forgetting
          Making mistakes -- mistakes = something to hide
          Errors in actions

Question 5

Problems with Freud’s Theory of Dreams

Answer 5

Dreams little evidence – unreliable
Nightmares not explained

Different interpretations from different psychoanalysts

Modern understanding does not align with theory

Question 6

Process of Classical Psychoanalysis

Answer 6

Free association

Dream analysis and interpretations

Resistance

Transference – patient’s feelings onto therapist
Countertransference – therapist’s feelings onto patient

Question 7

Drive-Instinct Model

Answer 7

Energy = closed system
Spend energy where see fit (more one place, less another)
Not lost – invested

Biological and animalistic motivations

Self-preservation – aggression (Thanatos)
Preservation of species – sex (Eros)

Question 8

Developmental Model

Answer 8

Sex drive – fixation and regression

Psychodevelopmental stages
Oral – mouth, trust, hostility/anger
Anal – anus, self-control, obstinacy/rebellion
Phallic – genitals, identity, stereotypes
Latency – sexual impulses, relationship difficulties
Genital – genitals, relationship difficulties