Chapter 12 - Bandura and Miscel's Social-Cognitive Learning Theories Flashcards
What are the 4 core features of human agency according to Bandura?
Intentionality
Forethought
Self-reactiveness
Self-reflectiveness
What is intentionality?
Representation of future course of action to be performed, anticipating and seeking rewards
What is forethought?
Setting goals, anticipating consequences, and selecting course of action
Self-motivation
What is self-reactiveness?
Self agent seen as motivator (self-reinforcement) and self-regulator
Performance guided via personal standards
What is self-reflectiveness?
Capacity to examine and evaluate self
What are competencies?
Skills
According to Bandura, ___________ and __________ are processes by which we acquire new and complex social knowledge and skills.
Observational learning; self-reinforcement
Learning that forms the basis of personality is both ________ and ________.
Social; cognitive
What are the factors of triadic reciprocal determinism?
Behaviour
Environment
Personal variables
What is the bottom-line of triadic reciprocal determinism?
Each of the three factors can influence and be influenced by the others
What is self-efficacy?
Person’s own belief of capability to be in control of specific environment and situation based on own abilities
Locus of control
Perceived self-efficacy is based on one’s ___________ as well as __________ of information.
Abilities; evaluation
What is the difference between outcome and efficacy expectations?
Outcome expectations: what person expects to happen
Efficacy expectations: how much person can expect to be successful
What are 4 sources of efficacy expectations?
Performance accomplishments
Vicarious experiences
Verbal persuasion
Emotional arousal
How does self-efficacy influence selection?
Select goals based on self-efficacy
Higher = better
What was the main study performed by Mischel?
Delay of gratification in children (marshmallow studies)
What are 3 essential features of Mischel’s cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS)?
Cognitive and emotional variables linked
Different environments activate different personality systems
Behaviour varies cross-situationally
What are the 6 person variables of CAPS?
Competencies
Encoding strategies
Personal constructs
Expectancies
Personal goals and values
Self-regulation
What are encoding strategies?
How we categorize personal events
What are personal constructs?
Categorization of physical events
What is self-regulation?
Self-reinforcement, self-evaluation, and strategies for action
According to Mischel, behaviour can be reasonably predicted only when _______ and _______ are considered together.
Person variables; situations
High ________ and ________ situations often result in cross-situational consistency.
Demand; stress
What is vicarious conditioning?
Learning emotional reactions through observing others
