chapter 2 - cells - processes

Question 1

what process is the formation of an insulin molecule from being an mRNA copy to outside the cell?

Answer 1

exocytosis

Question 2

in stage 1 of the formation of insulin, where is the mRNA copy of the gene made? and how does it leave?

Answer 2

made in the nucleus
leaves through the nuclear pores in the envelope

Question 3

after leaving the nucleus, what happens to the insulin mRNA

Answer 3

attaches to a ribosome on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- the ribosome reads instructions to assemble the protein (insulin)

Question 4

stage 4 - what happens to the insulin molecules when they exit the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

they are “pinched off” in vesicles and travel towards the Golgi apparatus, the vesicle then fuses with the Golgi apparatus

Question 5

what is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the process of producing insulin?

Answer 5

processes and packages insulin molecules for release

Question 6

after the Golgi apparatus, what happens to the insulin molecules to get outside the cell?

Answer 6

-insulin molecules are “pinched off” in vesicles and move towards the cell surface membrane
-vesicle fuses with cell surface membrane
- cell surface membrane opens to release insulin molecules outside

Question 7

true or false - when packaged molecules leave the cell surface membrane, the vesicle goes with them?

Answer 7

false - vesicle fuses with the cell surface membrane, only releasing the molecule