Chapter 19 & 20 Flashcards
Where does gas exchange occur?
alveolus/ aleoli
What are some functions of the respiratory system?
- gas exchange
- regulation of pH
- voice production
- olfaction
- protection
What does the upper respiratory consist of?
external nares, nasal cavity, pharynx and accessory structure.
What does the lower respiratory consist of?
trachea, bronchi, lungs
What are the three functions of the nasal cavity?
warm air, humidify the air, filter the air.
What are the three parts of the pharynx?
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
What is the larynx composed of?
Hyaline cartilage
What does the epiglottis protect? Is also stops food from?
glottis, stops food from going down the wrong pipe.
The epiglottis is composed of what?
elastic cartilage
What is the conducting zone in order?
Nasal cavity > pharynx > larynx > trachea > 1 bronchi > 2 bronchi > 3 bronchi > segments of the lung > smaller bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles
What is respiratory zone in order?
respiratory bronchioles > alveolar ducts > alveolar sac > alveoli
What are the bones that make up the hard palate?
maxilla (2) anterior
palatine (2) posterior
The trachea has ________ cartilage so that food does not get stuck as you swallow what is it shape? Does it have any special functions?
tracheal cartilage, which is c-shaped and opened in the posterior to make sure nothing can get stuck. It also provides support so the trachea doesn’t collapse.
What tissue lines the trachea?
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
Where does gas exchange actually begin?
respiratory bronchioles
What is the inner pleura surrounding the lungs?
visceral pleura
What is the outer pleura surrounding the lungs?
parietal pleura
What tissue makes up the alveoli?
simple squamous epithelium
Where does gas exchange between air and blood occur?
respiratory membrane
Where does the blood supply to the lung come from?
pulmonary circuit, bronchial circuit
Inspiration is?
movement of air into the lungs.
Expiration is?
movement of air out of the lungs.
Boyle’s Law is?
P=i/v (pressure is inversely proportionate to volume)
Boyle’s law is important for?
pulmonary ventilation