Chapter 16 Flashcards
What system is the blood apart of?
Cardiovascular system
Is blood a connective tissue?
Yes
What is the matrix of blood?
ground substance, fibers, specialized cells.
What are the special cells of blood?
erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes
What is the job of the leukocyte?
Fight infection.
What is the job of the erythrocyte?
transport O2.
What do platelets do for us?
Clot our blood.
Whole blood is made up of what and how much of each?
plasma 55% and formed elements 45%
What is plasma composted of? How much of each?
Plasma proteins 7%: Albumins 60%, Globulins 35%, Fiberingen 4%
Other solutes 1%: Electrolytes, Organic Nutrients, Organic Waste
Regular Proteins 1%
Water 92%
Immunoglobins =
antibodies
What is the main organic nutrient (power house) of plasma?
glucose
What is the most abundant formed element of blood?
Erythrocytes 99.9% (there are about 5 million found in one sample
Are erythrocytes nucleated or a-nucleated?
A-nucleated
How long is a erythrocytes life span?
100 to 120 days.
What is the most abundant molecule in an erythrocyte?
Hemoglobin
Is a hemoglobin a protein?
Yes
How many O2 molecules can hemoglobin transport?
4
O2 helps us produce what?
Energy in the form of ATP
What does the low number of erythrocytes mean?
anemia
Names the anemias and if you can remember what causes them?
sickled cell iron defiance Hemorrhage (bleeding out) Aplastic (red blood cells are not being made) Hemolytic (RBC's are being destroyed) *****Pernicious (lack of B12)*******
An increase in erythrocytes is called?
polycythemia (this is a cancer)
How is polycythemia taken care of?
By taking multiple samples of blood to keep erythrocytes down.
What is another name for white blood cells?
Leukocytes
Do leukocytes have a nucleus?
Yes
How many categories can leukocytes be divided into? What are they?
Two
- Granulocytes
- Agranulocytes
Name all the Granulocytes.
Neutrophil, Basophil, Eosinophil
Name all the agranulocytes.
Lymphocytes, Monocytes
What is the first leukocyte on scene? Are they a phagocyte?
Neutrophil! Yes, they are a phagocyte.
Identify this leukocyte: The patient has an increased number w/an acute infection. There is a lot of pus! Which leukocyte am i?
Neutrophil!
Identify this leukocyte: I have a bilobed nucleus. The patient will have an increased number of me when they have a parasite or an allergic reaction! Which leukocyte am i?
Eosinophil!
Identify this leukocyte: I have a histamine! I am mediate for inflammatory response. Which leukocyte am i?
Basophil!
Identify the leukocyte: I have a big nucleus, and I am found mostly in lymphatic tissue. I also have T-cells and B-cells. Which leukocyte am I?
Lymphocyte
Identify the leukocyte: I am the largest leukocyte. There will be an increased number of me with chronic infection. I am the last on site, some call me the clean up crew. Which leukocyte am I?
Monocyte
True or false: Only white blood cells can leave blood vessels and enter tissue?
TRUE
What do you call an increase number in leukocytes?
Leukocytosis
What do you call a decrease in leukocytes?
Leukopenia
What do you call an EXTREME increase in leukocytes?
Leukemia
Megakaryocytic differentiate into what?
Platelets
Name the clotting phases.
- Vascular phase: Smooth muscle contracts, and the hole gets smaller.
- Platelet phase: Plugs hole
- Coagulation Phase: Prothrombinase > Prothrombin > Thrombin > Fibrinogen > Fibrin
True of false: If you have a low number of platelets you will have spontaneous bleeding.
True
