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A & P II > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

What system is the blood apart of?

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

Is blood a connective tissue?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What is the matrix of blood?

A

ground substance, fibers, specialized cells.

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4
Q

What are the special cells of blood?

A

erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes

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5
Q

What is the job of the leukocyte?

A

Fight infection.

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6
Q

What is the job of the erythrocyte?

A

transport O2.

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7
Q

What do platelets do for us?

A

Clot our blood.

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8
Q

Whole blood is made up of what and how much of each?

A

plasma 55% and formed elements 45%

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9
Q

What is plasma composted of? How much of each?

A

Plasma proteins 7%: Albumins 60%, Globulins 35%, Fiberingen 4%
Other solutes 1%: Electrolytes, Organic Nutrients, Organic Waste
Regular Proteins 1%
Water 92%

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10
Q

Immunoglobins =

A

antibodies

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11
Q

What is the main organic nutrient (power house) of plasma?

A

glucose

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12
Q

What is the most abundant formed element of blood?

A

Erythrocytes 99.9% (there are about 5 million found in one sample

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13
Q

Are erythrocytes nucleated or a-nucleated?

A

A-nucleated

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14
Q

How long is a erythrocytes life span?

A

100 to 120 days.

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15
Q

What is the most abundant molecule in an erythrocyte?

A

Hemoglobin

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16
Q

Is a hemoglobin a protein?

A

Yes

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17
Q

How many O2 molecules can hemoglobin transport?

A

4

18
Q

O2 helps us produce what?

A

Energy in the form of ATP

19
Q

What does the low number of erythrocytes mean?

A

anemia

20
Q

Names the anemias and if you can remember what causes them?

A 
sickled cell
iron defiance
Hemorrhage (bleeding out)
Aplastic (red blood cells are not being made)
Hemolytic (RBC's are being destroyed)
*****Pernicious (lack of B12)*******
21
Q

An increase in erythrocytes is called?

A

polycythemia (this is a cancer)

22
Q

How is polycythemia taken care of?

A

By taking multiple samples of blood to keep erythrocytes down.

23
Q

What is another name for white blood cells?

A

Leukocytes

24
Q

Do leukocytes have a nucleus?

A

Yes

25
Q

How many categories can leukocytes be divided into? What are they?

A

Two

  • Granulocytes
  • Agranulocytes
26
Q

Name all the Granulocytes.

A

Neutrophil, Basophil, Eosinophil

27
Q

Name all the agranulocytes.

A

Lymphocytes, Monocytes

28
Q

What is the first leukocyte on scene? Are they a phagocyte?

A

Neutrophil! Yes, they are a phagocyte.

29
Q

Identify this leukocyte: The patient has an increased number w/an acute infection. There is a lot of pus! Which leukocyte am i?

A

Neutrophil!

30
Q

Identify this leukocyte: I have a bilobed nucleus. The patient will have an increased number of me when they have a parasite or an allergic reaction! Which leukocyte am i?

A

Eosinophil!

31
Q

Identify this leukocyte: I have a histamine! I am mediate for inflammatory response. Which leukocyte am i?

A

Basophil!

32
Q

Identify the leukocyte: I have a big nucleus, and I am found mostly in lymphatic tissue. I also have T-cells and B-cells. Which leukocyte am I?

A

Lymphocyte

33
Q

Identify the leukocyte: I am the largest leukocyte. There will be an increased number of me with chronic infection. I am the last on site, some call me the clean up crew. Which leukocyte am I?

A

Monocyte

34
Q

True or false: Only white blood cells can leave blood vessels and enter tissue?

A

TRUE

35
Q

What do you call an increase number in leukocytes?

A

Leukocytosis

36
Q

What do you call a decrease in leukocytes?

A

Leukopenia

37
Q

What do you call an EXTREME increase in leukocytes?

A

Leukemia

38
Q

Megakaryocytic differentiate into what?

A

Platelets

39
Q

Name the clotting phases.

A
  1. Vascular phase: Smooth muscle contracts, and the hole gets smaller.
  2. Platelet phase: Plugs hole
  3. Coagulation Phase: Prothrombinase > Prothrombin > Thrombin > Fibrinogen > Fibrin
40
Q

True of false: If you have a low number of platelets you will have spontaneous bleeding.

A

True

A & P II (10 decks)

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