Chapter 17

Question 1

Where is the heart located?

Answer 1

The thoracic cavity.

Question 2

What is the flow of blood through the heart?

Answer 2

IVC/SVC > R Atrium > Tricuspid Valve > R Ventricle > Pulmonary Semilunar Valve > Pulmonary trunk > Right and left pulmonary arteries > lungs > Right and left pulmonary veins > L atrium > Bicuspid valve > L ventricle > Aortic semilunar valve > aorta

Question 3

Durring fetal development what is the fossa ovalis called?

Answer 3

Foramen Ovale

Question 4

What is the ligament arteriosum called during fetal development?

Answer 4

ductus arteriosus

Question 5

What are the serious membranes of the heart? What do they reduce? Are they a true body cavity?

Answer 5

Viceral Pericardium (inner wall)
Parietal Pericardium (outer wall)
friction, no they are not.

Question 6

Describe cardiac muscle tissue.

Answer 6

• intercalated
• striated
• uninucleated
• branch-shaped
• involuntary control
• gap junctions

Question 7

Another name for contracting?

Answer 7

systole

Question 8

Another name for relaxing?

Answer 8

diastole

Question 9

What do gap junction allow?

Answer 9

They allow ions to flow through freely so that the heart gets the message to contract all at the same time.

Question 10

What does the coronary sinus do?

Answer 10

It collects deoxygenated blood from the cardiac veins.

Question 11

During s1 which valves closing and is it lub or dub. Relaxing or contracting?

Answer 11

AV valves: lub - contracting

Question 12

During s2 which valves are closing and is it lub or dub? Relaxing or contracting?

Answer 12

SV valves: dub - relaxing

Question 13

What is called the pacemaker of the heart? It is a collection of cardiac muscle cells; they depolarize the fastest.

Answer 13

Sinoatrial node

Question 14

What is the flow of the conducting system?

Answer 14

Sinoatrial node > atrioventricular node > bundle of his > bundle branches > purkinje fibers

Question 15

A p-wave is when?

Answer 15

atria depolarization

Question 16

QRS is when?

Answer 16

ventricular depolarization

Question 17

A t-wave is when?

Answer 17

ventricular re-polarization

Question 18

What is a normal HR.

Answer 18

60-100 bpm

Question 19

Tachycardia is what?

Answer 19

100 bpm and up.

Question 20

Bradycardia is what?

Answer 20

60 bpm and lower.

Question 21

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 21

1. ventricular systole : Atrioventricular valves close
2. ventricular systole: Semilunar valves open
3. ventricular diastole: semilunar valves close
4. ventricular diastole: Atrioventricular valves open
5. ventricular diastole: Active ventricular filling

Question 22

MAP=

Answer 22

DBP+(SBP - DBP/3)

Question 23

CO=

Answer 23

HR x SV

Question 24

What is frank starlings law of the heart?

Answer 24

more in = more out

Question 25

Define preload:

Answer 25

more in = more out

Question 26

Define contractility:

Answer 26

ability to contract

Question 27

Define after load:

Answer 27

the pressure against which the ventricle must pump blood.

Question 28

Sympathetic nervous system causes the heart rate to?

Answer 28

go up.

Question 29

Where are cardiac centers located?

Answer 29

The medulla oblongata

Question 30

Parasympathetic stimulation is supplied by?

Answer 30

the vagus nerve

Question 31

Parasympathetic nervous system causes heart rate to?

Answer 31

decrease

Question 32

Sympathetic stimulation is supplied by?

Answer 32

cardiac nerve

Question 33

Baroreceptor monitor what?

Answer 33

Blood pressure

Question 34

Cardioregulatory center modifies?

Answer 34

heart rate, and stroke volume

Question 35

Medullary chemoreceptors monitor?

Answer 35

Blood pH and carbon dioxide levels.

Question 36

Carotid and aortic chemoreceptor receptors monitor?

Answer 36

Blood oxygen levels.