Chapter 17 Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
The thoracic cavity.
What is the flow of blood through the heart?
IVC/SVC > R Atrium > Tricuspid Valve > R Ventricle > Pulmonary Semilunar Valve > Pulmonary trunk > Right and left pulmonary arteries > lungs > Right and left pulmonary veins > L atrium > Bicuspid valve > L ventricle > Aortic semilunar valve > aorta
Durring fetal development what is the fossa ovalis called?
Foramen Ovale
What is the ligament arteriosum called during fetal development?
ductus arteriosus
What are the serious membranes of the heart? What do they reduce? Are they a true body cavity?
Viceral Pericardium (inner wall) Parietal Pericardium (outer wall) friction, no they are not.
Describe cardiac muscle tissue.
- intercalated
- striated
- uninucleated
- branch-shaped
- involuntary control
- gap junctions
Another name for contracting?
systole
Another name for relaxing?
diastole
What do gap junction allow?
They allow ions to flow through freely so that the heart gets the message to contract all at the same time.
What does the coronary sinus do?
It collects deoxygenated blood from the cardiac veins.
During s1 which valves closing and is it lub or dub. Relaxing or contracting?
AV valves: lub - contracting
During s2 which valves are closing and is it lub or dub? Relaxing or contracting?
SV valves: dub - relaxing
What is called the pacemaker of the heart? It is a collection of cardiac muscle cells; they depolarize the fastest.
Sinoatrial node
What is the flow of the conducting system?
Sinoatrial node > atrioventricular node > bundle of his > bundle branches > purkinje fibers
A p-wave is when?
atria depolarization
QRS is when?
ventricular depolarization
A t-wave is when?
ventricular re-polarization
What is a normal HR.
60-100 bpm
Tachycardia is what?
100 bpm and up.
Bradycardia is what?
60 bpm and lower.
What is the cardiac cycle?
- ventricular systole : Atrioventricular valves close
- ventricular systole: Semilunar valves open
- ventricular diastole: semilunar valves close
- ventricular diastole: Atrioventricular valves open
- ventricular diastole: Active ventricular filling
MAP=
DBP+(SBP - DBP/3)
CO=
HR x SV
What is frank starlings law of the heart?
more in = more out
Define preload:
more in = more out
Define contractility:
ability to contract
Define after load:
the pressure against which the ventricle must pump blood.
Sympathetic nervous system causes the heart rate to?
go up.
Where are cardiac centers located?
The medulla oblongata
Parasympathetic stimulation is supplied by?
the vagus nerve
Parasympathetic nervous system causes heart rate to?
decrease
Sympathetic stimulation is supplied by?
cardiac nerve
Baroreceptor monitor what?
Blood pressure
Cardioregulatory center modifies?
heart rate, and stroke volume
Medullary chemoreceptors monitor?
Blood pH and carbon dioxide levels.
Carotid and aortic chemoreceptor receptors monitor?
Blood oxygen levels.
