Chapter 18- Gastrointestinal And Urologic Emergencies

Question 1

What does the liver do?

Answer 1

Assists in digestion by secreting Bile (which aids in digestion of fats)
Also filters toxins substances produced by digestion
Creates glucose stores
Produces substances necessary for blood clotting and immune function

Question 2

The gallbladder

Answer 2

A hollow pouch just beneath the liver that acts as a reservoir for bile

Question 3

Duodenum

Answer 3

Where digestive juices from the pancreas and liver mix together

Question 4

Pancreases

Answer 4

Secretes juices containing enzymes that help break Dow starches, fats, and proteins
Also produces amylase, bicarbonate and insulin

Question 5

Amylase

Answer 5

The pancreas secretes this and it breaks down starches into sugar.

Question 6

Bicarbonate

Answer 6

Neutralizes the stomach acid in the duodenum

Question 7

Inuslin

Answer 7

Helps stomach regulate the levels of glucose in the bloodstream.

Question 8

Jejunum

Answer 8

Plays a major role in the absorption fo digestive products

Covers a large amount of the small intestine and does much of the work.

Question 9

Ileum

Answer 9

Final part of the small intestine, absorbs nutrients that were not absorbed earlier
Also absorbs bible acids so they can be returned to the liver for future use and vitamin B12 for making nerve cells and red blood cells.

Question 10

Spleen

Answer 10

Located in the abdomen

Part of the lymphatic system and plays a big role in relation to red blood cells and the immune system.

Assists in filtering blood

AIDS in development of red blood cells

Serves as a blood reservoir

Produces antibodies to help the body fight against disease and infection.

Question 11

Kidneys

Answer 11

Solid organs

Filters blood of waste materials

Question 12

Peritoneum

Answer 12

The membrane lining the abdominal cavity

Question 13

Peritonitis

Answer 13

Irritation of the peritoneum

Question 14

Acute abdomen

Answer 14

Medical term referring to the sudden onset of abdominal pain, often associated with severe, progressive problems that require medical attention.

Question 15

Ileus

Answer 15

Paralysis

Question 16

Emesis

Answer 16

Vomiting

Question 17

Diverticultis

Answer 17

Inflammation in small pockets at weak areas in the muscle walls.

Question 18

Cholecystitis

Answer 18

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 19

Hematemesis

Answer 19

Vomiting blood

Question 20

Melena

Answer 20

Black, tarry stools containing blood

Question 21

Pancreatitis

Answer 21

Inflammation of the pancrease

Pain in the upper left quadrant and may radiate to the back (pain may be worse after eating)

Question 22

Appendicitis

Answer 22

Inflammation or infection in the appendix

Rebound tenderness, patient will feel pain when pressure is released

Question 23

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

Answer 23

Condition in which the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach opens allowing stomach acid to move up into the esophagus.

Question 24

Esophageal varices may occur as a result in

Answer 24

Liver failure

Question 25

Mallory-Weiss tear

Answer 25

Tear in the junction between the esophagus and the stomach

Question 26

Diverticulitis

Answer 26

Inflammation in small pockets at weak areas in the muscle walls.

Question 27

Hemorrhoids

Answer 27

Created by swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels surrounding the rectum

Question 28

Cystitis

Answer 28

Bladder inflammation

Question 29

Urinary tract infection

Answer 29

An infection in the urinary tract

Question 30

Uremia

Answer 30

When the kidneys fail and the patient loses the ability to excrete waste from the body

Question 31

AAA

Answer 31

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 32

Hernia

Answer 32

A protrusion of an organ or tissue through a hole or opening into a body cavity where it does not belong.