Chapter 18: Conclusion Flashcards
a mental map that tells us how to navigate the world
Worldview
the worldwide community of Muslims
Ummah
a separate group within Islam that embraces full application of Shariah law
Islamists
the moral code of Islam outlined in the Quran and other teaching that Muslims consider authoritative.
Shariah law
muslims who embrace terrorism in pursuit of jihad
Jihadis
a way of seeing the world without appealing to God or religion
Secularism
all phenomena can be explained through natural processes
Naturalism
belief that God does not exist
Atheism
an economic system advocating either gov’t control or communal ownership of the means of production
Socialism
the Marxist dream of a future utopian society in which the state and economic classes no longer exist and all property is publicly shared.
Communism
the belief that only the material world exists and that class struggles are the mechanism behind social and economic progress.
Dialectical materialism
belief that economics ultimately determines the entire course of history
Economic determinism
belief in the divine interconnected essence of reality
Consciousness
the belief that everything is god
Pantheism
intellectual movement that contends that human communication is not really about things but about the view and motivation of those involved in the conversation
Poststrucuralism
a method of literary analysis that seeks to expose the underlying ideologies of a text
Deconstruction
a single overarching interpretation or grand story of reality
Metanarratives
the study of ultimate reality
Metaphysics
the study of the relationship between the mind and the physical body
Mind/body problem
the study of knowledge
Epistemology
belief that whatever advances the proletariat and communism is morally good
Proletariat morality
the belief that good is returned to those who do good and evil is returned to those who do evil.
Law of karma
the belief that everything is ultimately energy and that everyone possesses the potential to achieve divine unity with the cosmos.
Collective consciousness
stage at which a person purportedly meets his or her full psychological potential
Self-actualization
the belief that God ordained three institutions of society family, church, state - that society functions best when each sphere is property in its own area of responsibility.
Sphere sovereignty
the belief that laws are rules created by hyman authorities and that there is no inherent or necessary connection between law and morality.
Legal positivism
the belief that humanity is continually progressing toward higher consciousness
Spiritual evolution
What are the four world tests?
1.The test of reason: Can it be logically stated and defended?
2.The tests of the outer world: Is there external, corroborating evidence?
3.The test of the inner world: Does it address the everyday aspects of life?
4.The test of the real world: What happens when we apply the principles of this worldview.
What are the worldview questions?
Origins: Who is God? Where did we come from?
Morality:What is the foundation of right and wrong?
Identity: What does it mean to be human?
Meaning: What is the purpose of life?
Destiny: What happens after I die?
What do secularists put their faith in?
The scientific method
Naturalistic evolution
Materialism
Human reason
What conflicts do Marxists look at?
The rich and poor
Religious and nonreligious
Blacks and whites
Men and women
Heterosexuals and homosexuals
What is New Spirituality’s view of God?
God is eternal.
God is non-personal.
Everything is god.
What is the Christian view of God?
Personal
Relational
Has created everything
Has made Himself known in general revelation.
Has made Himself known in special revelation.
Is Trinity
Where does PM fail?
PM’s understanding of reality as socially constructed fails to
explain the world as it is.
○Also, the problem isn’t that God is unknowable; it is that truth is
knowable and we rebelled.
Where does Islam fail?
The God of Islam is supposedly just and merciful - but you can’t be
both.
○They must abandon mercy if they abandon the Trinity.
Where does NS fail?
Energy cannot think and create.
○Who is counting our karma?
○How did we get separated in the first place?
What does Secularists believe about sociology
Assumes that materialism and naturalism are the starting points for
sociology.
●Three core assumptions:
○No institution is ordained by God
○Humans are inherently good; Society causes us to do what we do.
○Social life has no purpose or design
What do Marxists believe about Sociology?
●Assumes that materialism and naturalism are the starting points for
sociology.
●Believe that the next stage of societal evolution will move us beyond the
misery created by capitalism
What does NS believe about sociology
●Assumes that there is not individual self; only interconnected
consciousness.
●The heart of society’s problem is ignorance of higher consciousness.
●Social institutions should be structured to encourage the search for inner
truth.
