Chapter 17: History Flashcards
the study of past places, persons, and events
History
Known as the father of history for the way he gather evidence, tested it for accuracy, and wrote about it
Herodotus
Known for his meticulous and scientific approach
Thucydides
the writing of history or the study of the methodology historians used to reconstruct historical events
Historiography
something that is indisputably known to be true
Fact
the believe that events are either determined influenced by discernable pattern that can be seen throughout history
Historicism
the belief that all events, including human actions, are the inevitable and necessary results of previous actions
Determinism
the belief that society will continually improve through human initiative
Social progress
the belief that human beings have the capacity voluntarily choose a course of action from among various alternatives
Free will
the belief that society is guided by nature through progressive socioeconomic phases: tribalism, slavery, feudalism, capitalism, socialism, and ultimately communism
Historical materialism
the Marxist ideal of classless and stateless utopian society in which all property is commonly shared
Communism
Marxist historian famous for reinterpreting America’s history from a perspective of class warfare
Howard Zinn
the view that the world and human existence are without meaning, purpose, comprehensible truth, or essential value
Nihilism
method of literary analysis that questions the ability of language to represent reality adequately and seeks to discern and expose the purported underlying ideologies of a text.
Deconstruction
the act of reinterpreting the past to serve an ideological purpose.
Historical revisionism
belief that humanity is evolving both biologically and spiritually
Cosmic evolution
the belief that we are progressing through history toward the ultimate goal of realizing our own divinity
Evolutionary godhood
the belief that all Muslims should be united under a single Islamic state or that the world should be united under a global Islamic state.
Pan-Islam
the inner spiritual battle of every muslim to fulfill his religious duties and the outer struggle against the enemies of Islam
Jihad
muslims who teach that all of humanity will one day bow to Allah freely or by force.
Islamists
the Christian metanarrative that describes the course of history unfolding according to the biblical chronicle for God’s creative act, humanity’s rebellion, Christ’s redemptive sacrifice, and God’s eventual restoration of his creation.
Redemptive narrative
the belief that history follows a chronological pattern of cause and effect.
Linear conception of history
the belief that history follows a chronological pattern of cause and effect.
Cyclical conception of history
