chapter 18 Flashcards
granted amnesty to most confederates, allowed each rebellious state return to the union as soon as 10% of voters took a loyalty oath to union and the state approved the 13th amendment
10% plan Lincoln’s plan
forgiveness for crimes committed
amnesty
abolished slavery except for used as a punishment for a crime
13th amendment
Lincoln’s assassin
John Wilkes booth
Lincoln’s vice president and 17rth president
Andrew Johnson his plan was to let southern states create new govs; offered no support to newly freed and offered them no role in the gov; when former confeds came back to office, new rules in place to control + limit rights of African Americans in south
congress not happy with Johnson’s plan so passed 2 bills to help integrate the freedmen into society
congressional reconstruction
provided food + medical care to black and white in south and also built schools for freedmen
freedmen’s bureau
other bill that stated enslaved ppl were citizens and all citizens are equally protected under the law and also approved the 14th amendment so courts couldnt overturn this act
civil rights act of 1866
declared former slaves were citizens with full civil rights and people could not be denied equal protection under the law; any person born or naturalized in the us is now a citizen
14th amendment
tried to limit Johnson’s powers and make it more difficult to readmit former confed. states
radical reconstruction
the period following the civil war in which the former confed states were brought back to union and former enslaved people were integrated into society
reconstruction
Divided the South into 5 military districts each governed by a general and federal military troops until new state governments were formed; former Confederate leaders were banned from serving in these new governments; military commanders made sure that new state constitutions allowed black men to vote
military reconstruction act of 1867
limited Johnson’s power over the army
command of army act
stopped Johnson from firing certain officials without senates permission
tenure of office act
A charge of misconduct against an elected official the official does not need to be removed from office for this to happen
impeachment
laws for black people that they had to follow; restricted their rights
black laws
endless cycle of hard work for another person and no getting the money the hard worker should receive in return
sharecropping
formed in southern states in 1865 as a way to resist reconstruction policies; used violence and intimidation
ku Klux klan
republican in the election of 1876
Rutherford b Hayes also the 19th president
democrat in election of 1876
Samuel tilden
Hayes became president but he had to remove union troops for the south; marked the end of reconstruction
compromise of 1877
fee required for voting and many coudlnt afford it
poll tax
required voters to read and explain parts of the constitution
literacy tests
laws that allowed people to vote if their grandfathers had voted before reconstruction
grandfather clauses
laws that segregated races in almost all public places
Jim crow laws; diff between these and black codes is that they restricted black rights and jim crow laws separate the races
form of violence in which angry mobs killed people outside of the legal system without a trial or evidence
lynching
how + why did reconstruction end
election of 1876 bc no one got a majority of electoral votes so compromise of 1877 was created and that gave Hayes the presidency but he had remove union troops from southern states
what did Johnson’s plan do for former slaves and confeds
offered no support, placed rules to control their rights
confeds: forgave most except wealthy planters and leaders
prisoners rented by the gov. as unpaid labor to factory owners, mines, and plantations
convict leasing
what did radical reconstruction do for former slaves and confeds
supported newly freedmen and allowed black men to vote
confeds: limited Johnson’s power, made new govts for south states; nothing to help them
