Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Spring semester > chapter 18 > Flashcards

chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood circulation

any of the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs (gas exchange)

A

pulmonary circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pump oxygen poor blood from right side of the heart to the lungs

A

pulmonary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pump oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart (carry oxygenated blood from lung tissue back to the heart)

A

pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

any of the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the any other body tissues

A

systemic circuit (general circulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

oxygenated blood leaves heart through……. to body tissues. Then gas exchange occurs

A

aorta and its branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

oxygen poor blood returns to heart via…..

A

superior vena cava and inferior vena cava—> reenters pulmonary circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

left side of heart is

A

systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

right side of the heart is

A

pulmonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

systemic: oxygenated blood travels through….., oxygen poor blood travels through……

A

arteries, veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pulmonic: oxygenated blood travels through….., oxygen poor blood travels through…….

A

veins, arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the right side (pulmonic side) is …….. pressure

A

lower pressure. It doesn’t have to create a ton of pressure to move blood. Think about it your heart is very close to your lungs, so the destination is close so its low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The left side (systemic) is …… pressure

A

higher pressure. The left side has to pump blood to every other part of your body. Has to pump a large amount of blood in your body over several feet depending how tall you are. The left side is more thicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the heart is tipped where

A

thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the apex (inferior “tip” of the heart) points to….

A

left hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

coverings

Fibrous pericardium:

A
  • outermost region
  • function: prevents heart from filling with too much blood, anchors heart in chest cavity, protects heart
  • not super flexible–> puts limits of how much blood can enter so it prevents walls from over stretching
  • forms a wall to protect the heart–> if an individual has an infection the fibrous pericardium puts a physical wall around the heart to prevent spread of infection to the heart tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Serous pericardium

A
  • internal portion
  • function: divided into visceral and parietal layers-forms fluid filled sac around the heart
  • separated by fluid so they can rub against each other to prevent them from being broken down
17
Q

what are the 3 layers of heart wall

A
  1. Epicardium
  2. Myocardium
  3. Endocardium
18
Q

epicardium

A
  • outermost layer
  • visceral layer of pericardium
  • thin layer
19
Q

myocardium

A
  • middle layer
  • contains cardiac muscle cells (prefix: myo)
  • bulk of heart
  • strong contractions of heart to repel the blood through either circuit
20
Q

Endocardium

A
  • innermost layer
  • covers internal surfaces of heart, including valves
  • continuous with linings of major blood vessels entering/ leaving heart
  • thing, smooth, slick surface–> easy for blood to move across–> easier to move blood= less work for heart to do–> blood basically glides across it and enters and leaves the heart very easily
21
Q

2 atria:

A

superior receiving chambers

22
Q

receives oxygen poor blood from systemic circuit

A

right arium
* blood enters via superior and inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

23
Q

recieves oxgenated blood from the lungs

A

left atrium
-blood enters via pulmonary veins

24
Q

what are the three features of the atria?

A
  1. pectinate muscle–> increases contractile force of atrium without increasing mass of heart (helps maintain efficiency without making heart to bulky in the chest)
  2. auricles—> two “ears” sitting on the external surface of the heart. The atrium can receive more blood due to auricles
  3. fossa ovalis–> indentation in the left atrium. Marks where the foramen ovale used to be. Foramen ovale closes after birth and then forms the fossa ovalis
25
Q

what are the two features of the ventricles?

A

1. Trabeculae carneae: ridges of muscle that assist with proper functioning of heart valves (prevetns blood from flowing in the wrong direction)
2. Papillary muscle: assist in opening/closing of the heart valves

26
Q

prevetns backward flow of blood through the heart

A

Heart valves

27
Q

what are the two types of heart valves?

A
  1. Atrioventricular (AV) valves
  2. semilunar valves
28
Q

prevents backflow of blood from blood vessels into ventricles

A

Semilunar (SL) valves

29
Q

detection of the electrical impulses generated in and transmitted by the heart

A
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • doctors can see heart activity
30
Q

total volume of blood remainng in the ventricle after they have contracted

A

End systolic volume (ESV)

31
Q

Total volume of blood in the ventricles before they contract

A

End Diastolic volume (EDV)

32
Q

The total amount of blood pumped by ventricle in a single minute

A

Cardiac output

33
Q

the maximum amount of blood that can be pumped in a single minute

A

Maximal cardiac output

34
Q

2 ways to regualte heart rate

A
  1. autonomic nervous system input
  2. chemical regulation
35
Q
A

Anatomy Spring semester (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions