Chapter 18

Question 1

Psychological assessment

Answer 1

An evaluation of the patients psychological and mental health

Question 2

Psychotherapy

Answer 2

Professional treatment for psychological disorder through techniques designed to encourage communication of conflicts and insight

Question 3

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer 3

Psychological treatment based on Freudian theories in which the therapist helps the patient explore the unconscious dynamics of personality

Question 4

Free association

Answer 4

The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind, without any censorship or filtering

Question 5

Dream Analysis

Answer 5

To analyze the symbolism of the dreams in an effort to probe the uncoisous thoughts of the client and interpret its significance

Question 6

Insight

Answer 6

An understanding of the unconscious causes of the disorder

Question 7

Transference

Answer 7

Patient unconsciously redirects feelings experienced in an important personal relationship toward the therapist

Question 8

Humanistic Therapy

Answer 8

Psychological treatment based on the personality theories of Carl Rogers. Focuses on self realizations

Question 9

Client centered therapy

Answer 9

an approach to treatment in which the client is helped to grow and develop as the therapist provides a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment.

Question 10

Therapeutic Alliance

Answer 10

Relationship between the client and therapist in genuine. No barriers

Question 11

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)

Answer 11

Structured Approach to treatment that attempts to reduce psychological disorders throughout systematic procedures based on cognitive and behavioural principles

Question 12

Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

Answer 12

Psychological treatment that is based on learning

Question 13

Exposure Therapy

Answer 13

behaviour therapy that is based on classical conditioning principle of extinction. In which people are confronted with a feared stimulus with the goal of decreasing their emotional responses to it

Question 14

Flooding

Answer 14

A client is exposed to the source of his fear all at once

Question 15

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 15

behavioural treatment that combines imagining or experiencing the feared object or situation with relaxation exercises

Question 16

Counterconditioning

Answer 16

second incompatible response (relaxation; e.g., through deep breathing) is conditioned to an already conditioned response (the fear response).

Question 17

Virtual reality CBT

Answer 17

the therapist uses computer-generated, three-dimensional, lifelike images of the feared stimulus in a systematic desensitization program.

Question 18

Aversion Therapy

Answer 18

Type of behaviour therapy in which positive punishment is used to reduce the frequency of an undesirable behaviour

Question 19

Cognitive therapy

Answer 19

a psychological treatment that helps clients identify incorrect or distorted beliefs that are contributing to disorder.

Question 20

Eclectic Therapy

Answer 20

an approach to treatment in which the therapist uses whichever techniques seem most useful and relevant for a given patient.

Question 21

Biomedical Therapies

Answer 21

Treatments designed to reduce psychological disorder by influencing the action of the CNS

Question 22

Antidepressant Medications

Answer 22

Drugs designed to improve moods

Question 23

Monamine oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Answer 23

medications work by increasing the amount of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine at the synapses

Question 24

Selective seatonin reuptake Inhibitors

Answer 24

designed to selectively block the reuptake of serotonin at the synapse, thereby leaving more serotonin available in the CNS.

Question 25

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 25

Drugs to treat schizophrenia

Question 26

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 26

causes uncontrollable muscle movements, usually in the mouth area

Question 27

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 27

medical procedure designed to alleviate psychological disorder in which electric currents are passed through the brain, deliberately triggering a brief seizure

Question 28

Antianxiety Medications

Answer 28

Drugs that help relieve fear or anxiety

Question 29

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Answer 29

Medical procedure designed to reduce psychological disorder that uses magnetic coil to electrically stimulate the brain

Question 30

Psychosurgery

Answer 30

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in the hope of improving disorder

Question 31

Group therapy

Answer 31

Psychotherapy in which clients receive psychological treatment together with others

Question 32

Couples Therapy

Answer 32

Treatment in which two people are cohabitating, married or dating meet together with the practitioner to discuss their concerns and issues about their relationship

Question 33

Family Therapy

Answer 33

Family meeting together with a therapist

Question 34

Self help group

Answer 34

a voluntary association of people who share a common desire to overcome psychological disorder or improve their well-being. Example: Addiction facilities

Question 35

Community Mental Health services

Answer 35

Psychological treatments and interventions that are distributes at the community level

Question 36

Primary Prevention

Answer 36

all members of the community receive the treatment.

Question 37

risk factors

Answer 37

Social, environmental and economic vulnerabilities that make it more likely than average that a given individual will develop a disorder

Question 38

Teritary Prevention

Answer 38

Treatment such as psychotherapy or biomedical therapy that focusses on people who are already diagnosed with disorder

Question 39

Outcome research

Answer 39

studies that assess the effectiveness of medical treatments,

Question 40

Natural improvement

Answer 40

Possibility that people might get better over time, even without treatment

Question 41

Nonspecific treatment effects

Answer 41

patient gets better over time simply by coming to therapy, even though it doesn’t matter what actually happens at the therapy sessions.

Question 42

Placebo effect

Answer 42

improvements that occur as a result of the expectation that one will get better rather than from the actual effects of a treatment.