Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Psychology

Answer 1

Study of mind and behaviour

Question 2

Research Psychologists

Answer 2

Scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of behaviour

Question 3

Psychologist- Practitioners

Answer 3

Use Existing research to enhance the everyday life of others

Question 4

Empirical Methods

Answer 4

Processes of collecting and organizing data

Question 5

Scientific Method

Answer 5

Set of Assumptions, rules and procedures that scientists use to conduct empirical research

Question 6

Values

Answer 6

Personal statements

Question 7

Facts

Answer 7

Objective statements proved by Empirical study

Question 8

Lower level Explanations

Answer 8

Biological

Question 9

Middle level explanations

Answer 9

intrapersonal

Question 10

Higher levels of explanation

Answer 10

Cultural and social

Question 11

Dualism

Answer 11

Mind is fundamentally different from the mechanical body

Question 12

Structuralism

Answer 12

School of psychology to indentify basic elements of psychological experience

Question 13

Introspection

Answer 13

Attempt to create a map of the elements of consciousness

Question 14

Functionalism

Answer 14

Evolutionary Psychology

Question 15

Fitness

Answer 15

Extent of which having a given characteristic helps an individual organism survive and reproduce at a higher rate.

Question 16

Psychodynamic Psychology

Answer 16

Understanding human behaviour that focusses on the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings and memories

Question 17

Psychoanalysis

Answer 17

Processes on talk therapy and dream analysis used to help patients explore unconscious drives

Question 18

Behaviour

Answer 18

Watson: Study of behaviour

Question 19

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 19

Study of mental processes, including perception, thinking, memory and judgement

Question 20

Social- Cultural Psychology

Answer 20

Study of how social situations and the cultures in which people find themselves influence thinking and behaviour

Question 21

Individualistic

Answer 21

Valuing self and ones independence from others(Western Societies)

Question 22

Behaviourism

Answer 22

School of psychology tat specifically focusses on behaviour itself

Question 23

First Behaviourist

Answer 23

John B Watson

Question 24

What did Ivan Pavlov do

Answer 24

Pavlov’s dog experiment
Found that a stimulus would produce the response of salivation in the dogs

Question 25

What did Watson do

Answer 25

Little Albert Experiment
Watson found that exposing a child to fearful stimuli in the presence of objects that did nit themselves elicit fear could lead the child to respond with a fearful behaviour to the presence of objects

Question 26

What did Buurhus Frederick Skinner

Answer 26

Used ideas of stimulus and response, along with the application of rewards or reinforcements to train pigeons and other animals

Question 27

Social Norms

Answer 27

Wy of thinking, feeling or behaving that are shared by group members and perceived by them as appropriate

Question 28

Culture

Answer 28

Common set of social norms, including religious and family values and open moral beleifs shared by the people who live in a geographical location

Question 29

Collectivism

Answer 29

Values Interdependence and a focus on developing harmonious social relationships with others