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A&P 2 > chapter 18 > Flashcards

chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

the kidneys receive about _____% of the total amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute

A

20%

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2
Q

the renal corpuscle is mad up of two structures

A

glomerular capsule / bowman’s
glomerulus

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3
Q

two parts of renal tubules that extend into the medulla of the kidney are the

A

nephron henle loop
collecting duct

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4
Q

2 parts of renal tubules that are in cortex of the kidney

A

PCT
DCT

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5
Q

the process of _____ is the movement of substances out of the renal tubules and into blood capillaries

A

reabsorption

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6
Q

process of _____ causes substances in the blood to be pushed into the glomerular capsule as a result of blood pressure in glomerulus

A

filtration

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7
Q

the process of _____ is the movement of substances from blood to distal tubule or collecting duct

A

secretion

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8
Q

the hormone is released from POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and REDUCES amount of water lost in urine

A

ADH

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9
Q

the hormone is made by the HEART and stimulates the tubules to SECRETE sodium

A

ANH

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10
Q

the hormone is mad in ADRENAL CORTEX and causes tubules to ABSORB sodium

A

aldosterone

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11
Q

the involuntary muscle at the exit of bladder

A

internal urethral sphincter

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12
Q

the voluntary muscle at the end of the urethra

A

external urethral sphincter

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13
Q

condition in which a person voids urine involuntarily

A

urinary incontinence

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14
Q

a condition in which the bladder is full and the kidney is producing urine but the bladder is unable to empty itself

A

retention

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15
Q

outer part of kidney

A

adrenal cortex

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16
Q

inner layer of kidney

A

adrenal medulla

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17
Q

triangular decision in adrenal medulla

A

pyramids

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18
Q

expansion of ureter in kidney

A

renal pelvis

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19
Q

tune leading from bladder to outside of body

A

urethra

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20
Q

saclike structure used to hold urine until voided

A

bladder

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21
Q

tube connecting kidney to bladder

A

ureter

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22
Q

area of the bladder that has openings for the two ureters and urethra

A

trigone

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23
Q

cup shaped part of nephron that catches filtration

A

glomerular capsule

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24
Q

network of capillaries in glomerular capsule

A

glomerulus

25
Q

part of renal tubules that is located between proximal and distal tubules

A

nephron henle loop

26
Q

structure of kidney

A

right kidney lower because of liver
retroperitoneal
highest rate of blood flow

27
Q

bowman capsule and the glomerulus make up the

A

renal corpuscle

28
Q

kidney function

A

homeostasis
excreting toxins & waste nitrogen
regulate balance of water & salt

29
Q

urine functions begin with

A

glomerular filtration

30
Q

well known sign of diabetes mellitus is

A

glycosuria

31
Q

lithotripter is used for

A

renal calculi

32
Q

aldosterone

A

stimulates tubules to reabsorb sodium salts at faster rate

33
Q

control of urine volume is maintained primarily by

A

ADH from posterior pituitary gland

34
Q

trigone is part of the

A

urinary bladder

35
Q

primary process of urine formation

A

filtration
reabsorption
secretion

36
Q

sac like structure that surrounds glomerulus

A

glomerular capsule

37
Q

renal corpuscle made up of

A

glomerular capsule (bowman’s)
glomerulus

38
Q

production of ADH

A

posterior pituitary gland

39
Q

large amounts of water, approximately _____ liters per day are reabsorbed by osmosis from the ______

A

120 L
proximal tubules

40
Q

the glomerular filtration rate is ______ mL per minute

A

125.0

41
Q

glucose is reabsorbed in the

A

PCT

42
Q

reabsorption does not occur in the

A

calyx

43
Q

the greater amount of salt intake, the

A

the more salt exerted in the urine

44
Q

secreted by diffusion

A

ammonia

45
Q

ADH is produced in the _____ and secreted by the _____

A

produced in hypothalamus
secreted by posterior pituitary gland

46
Q

function of ADH

A

makes DCT more permeable

47
Q

functioning unit of the urinary system

A

nephrons

48
Q

abnormally large amount of plasma protein in urine

A

proteinuria

49
Q

uremic poisoning

A

uremia

50
Q

division of renal pelvis

A

calyx

51
Q

cup shaped top of a nephron

A

glomerular capsule

52
Q

innermost end of pyramid

A

papilla

53
Q

extension of proximal tube

A

nephron loop

54
Q

triangular shaped divisions of medulla

A

pyramids

55
Q

blood volume & blood pressure regulation

A

juxtamedullary apparatus

56
Q

lining membrane richly supplied with sensory nerve endings

A

ureters

57
Q

drains renal pelvis

A

ureters

58
Q

elastic fibers and involuntary muscle fibers

A

bladder

59
Q

10-12 inches long

A

ureters

A&P 2 (9 decks)

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