chapter 18 Flashcards
the kidneys receive about _____% of the total amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute
20%
the renal corpuscle is mad up of two structures
glomerular capsule / bowman’s
glomerulus
two parts of renal tubules that extend into the medulla of the kidney are the
nephron henle loop
collecting duct
2 parts of renal tubules that are in cortex of the kidney
PCT
DCT
the process of _____ is the movement of substances out of the renal tubules and into blood capillaries
reabsorption
process of _____ causes substances in the blood to be pushed into the glomerular capsule as a result of blood pressure in glomerulus
filtration
the process of _____ is the movement of substances from blood to distal tubule or collecting duct
secretion
the hormone is released from POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and REDUCES amount of water lost in urine
ADH
the hormone is made by the HEART and stimulates the tubules to SECRETE sodium
ANH
the hormone is mad in ADRENAL CORTEX and causes tubules to ABSORB sodium
aldosterone
the involuntary muscle at the exit of bladder
internal urethral sphincter
the voluntary muscle at the end of the urethra
external urethral sphincter
condition in which a person voids urine involuntarily
urinary incontinence
a condition in which the bladder is full and the kidney is producing urine but the bladder is unable to empty itself
retention
outer part of kidney
adrenal cortex
inner layer of kidney
adrenal medulla
triangular decision in adrenal medulla
pyramids
expansion of ureter in kidney
renal pelvis
tune leading from bladder to outside of body
urethra
saclike structure used to hold urine until voided
bladder
tube connecting kidney to bladder
ureter
area of the bladder that has openings for the two ureters and urethra
trigone
cup shaped part of nephron that catches filtration
glomerular capsule
network of capillaries in glomerular capsule
glomerulus
part of renal tubules that is located between proximal and distal tubules
nephron henle loop
structure of kidney
right kidney lower because of liver
retroperitoneal
highest rate of blood flow
bowman capsule and the glomerulus make up the
renal corpuscle
kidney function
homeostasis
excreting toxins & waste nitrogen
regulate balance of water & salt
urine functions begin with
glomerular filtration
well known sign of diabetes mellitus is
glycosuria
lithotripter is used for
renal calculi
aldosterone
stimulates tubules to reabsorb sodium salts at faster rate
control of urine volume is maintained primarily by
ADH from posterior pituitary gland
trigone is part of the
urinary bladder
primary process of urine formation
filtration
reabsorption
secretion
sac like structure that surrounds glomerulus
glomerular capsule
renal corpuscle made up of
glomerular capsule (bowman’s)
glomerulus
production of ADH
posterior pituitary gland
large amounts of water, approximately _____ liters per day are reabsorbed by osmosis from the ______
120 L
proximal tubules
the glomerular filtration rate is ______ mL per minute
125.0
glucose is reabsorbed in the
PCT
reabsorption does not occur in the
calyx
the greater amount of salt intake, the
the more salt exerted in the urine
secreted by diffusion
ammonia
ADH is produced in the _____ and secreted by the _____
produced in hypothalamus
secreted by posterior pituitary gland
function of ADH
makes DCT more permeable
functioning unit of the urinary system
nephrons
abnormally large amount of plasma protein in urine
proteinuria
uremic poisoning
uremia
division of renal pelvis
calyx
cup shaped top of a nephron
glomerular capsule
innermost end of pyramid
papilla
extension of proximal tube
nephron loop
triangular shaped divisions of medulla
pyramids
blood volume & blood pressure regulation
juxtamedullary apparatus
lining membrane richly supplied with sensory nerve endings
ureters
drains renal pelvis
ureters
elastic fibers and involuntary muscle fibers
bladder
10-12 inches long
ureters
