chapter 18

Question 1

the kidneys receive about _____% of the total amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute

Answer 1

20%

Question 2

the renal corpuscle is mad up of two structures

Answer 2

glomerular capsule / bowman’s
glomerulus

Question 3

two parts of renal tubules that extend into the medulla of the kidney are the

Answer 3

nephron henle loop
collecting duct

Question 4

2 parts of renal tubules that are in cortex of the kidney

Answer 4

PCT
DCT

Question 5

the process of _____ is the movement of substances out of the renal tubules and into blood capillaries

Answer 5

reabsorption

Question 6

process of _____ causes substances in the blood to be pushed into the glomerular capsule as a result of blood pressure in glomerulus

Answer 6

filtration

Question 7

the process of _____ is the movement of substances from blood to distal tubule or collecting duct

Answer 7

secretion

Question 8

the hormone is released from POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and REDUCES amount of water lost in urine

Answer 8

ADH

Question 9

the hormone is made by the HEART and stimulates the tubules to SECRETE sodium

Answer 9

ANH

Question 10

the hormone is mad in ADRENAL CORTEX and causes tubules to ABSORB sodium

Answer 10

aldosterone

Question 11

the involuntary muscle at the exit of bladder

Answer 11

internal urethral sphincter

Question 12

the voluntary muscle at the end of the urethra

Answer 12

external urethral sphincter

Question 13

condition in which a person voids urine involuntarily

Answer 13

urinary incontinence

Question 14

a condition in which the bladder is full and the kidney is producing urine but the bladder is unable to empty itself

Answer 14

retention

Question 15

outer part of kidney

Answer 15

adrenal cortex

Question 16

inner layer of kidney

Answer 16

adrenal medulla

Question 17

triangular decision in adrenal medulla

Answer 17

pyramids

Question 18

expansion of ureter in kidney

Answer 18

renal pelvis

Question 19

tune leading from bladder to outside of body

Answer 19

urethra

Question 20

saclike structure used to hold urine until voided

Answer 20

bladder

Question 21

tube connecting kidney to bladder

Answer 21

ureter

Question 22

area of the bladder that has openings for the two ureters and urethra

Answer 22

trigone

Question 23

cup shaped part of nephron that catches filtration

Answer 23

glomerular capsule

Question 24

network of capillaries in glomerular capsule

Answer 24

glomerulus

Question 25

part of renal tubules that is located between proximal and distal tubules

Answer 25

nephron henle loop

Question 26

structure of kidney

Answer 26

right kidney lower because of liver retroperitoneal highest rate of blood flow

Question 27

bowman capsule and the glomerulus make up the

Answer 27

renal corpuscle

Question 28

kidney function

Answer 28

homeostasis excreting toxins & waste nitrogen regulate balance of water & salt

Question 29

urine functions begin with

Answer 29

glomerular filtration

Question 30

well known sign of diabetes mellitus is

Answer 30

glycosuria

Question 31

lithotripter is used for

Answer 31

renal calculi

Question 32

aldosterone

Answer 32

stimulates tubules to reabsorb sodium salts at faster rate

Question 33

control of urine volume is maintained primarily by

Answer 33

ADH from posterior pituitary gland

Question 34

trigone is part of the

Answer 34

urinary bladder

Question 35

primary process of urine formation

Answer 35

filtration reabsorption secretion

Question 36

sac like structure that surrounds glomerulus

Answer 36

glomerular capsule

Question 37

renal corpuscle made up of

Answer 37

glomerular capsule (bowman's) glomerulus

Question 38

production of ADH

Answer 38

posterior pituitary gland

Question 39

large amounts of water, approximately _____ liters per day are reabsorbed by osmosis from the ______

Answer 39

120 L proximal tubules

Question 40

the glomerular filtration rate is ______ mL per minute

Answer 40

125.0

Question 41

glucose is reabsorbed in the

Answer 41

PCT

Question 42

reabsorption does not occur in the

Answer 42

calyx

Question 43

the greater amount of salt intake, the

Answer 43

the more salt exerted in the urine

Question 44

secreted by diffusion

Answer 44

ammonia

Question 45

ADH is produced in the _____ and secreted by the _____

Answer 45

produced in hypothalamus secreted by posterior pituitary gland

Question 46

function of ADH

Answer 46

makes DCT more permeable

Question 47

functioning unit of the urinary system

Answer 47

nephrons

Question 48

abnormally large amount of plasma protein in urine

Answer 48

proteinuria

Question 49

uremic poisoning

Answer 49

uremia

Question 50

division of renal pelvis

Answer 50

calyx

Question 51

cup shaped top of a nephron

Answer 51

glomerular capsule

Question 52

innermost end of pyramid

Answer 52

papilla

Question 53

extension of proximal tube

Answer 53

nephron loop

Question 54

triangular shaped divisions of medulla

Answer 54

pyramids

Question 55

blood volume & blood pressure regulation

Answer 55

juxtamedullary apparatus

Question 56

lining membrane richly supplied with sensory nerve endings

Answer 56

ureters

Question 57

drains renal pelvis

Answer 57

ureters

Question 58

elastic fibers and involuntary muscle fibers

Answer 58

bladder

Question 59

10-12 inches long

Answer 59

ureters