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Medical Terminology > Chapter 17: The Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Chapter 17: The Eye and Ear Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

anterior chamber

A

area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris

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1
Q

accommodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

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2
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber.

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3
Q

biconvex

A

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly like part of a sphere.
the lens of the eye is a biconvex body

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4
Q

choroid

A

middle, vascular layer if the eye, between retina and the sclera

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5
Q

ciliary body

A

structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and the iris. contains ciliary muscle which controls shape of the lens

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6
Q

cone

A

photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse. responsible for color and central vision.

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7
Q

conjunctiva

A

delicate membrane linking the undersurfaces of the eyelid and covering the anterior eyeball

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8
Q

cornea

A

fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of eyeball.

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9
Q

fovea centralis

A

tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision.

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10
Q

fundus of the eye

A

posterior, inner part of eye.

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11
Q

iris

A

pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less into the eye. central opening or iris is retina

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12
Q

lens

A

transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye. bends light rays to bring them into focus

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13
Q

macula

A

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the the optic disc. contains fovea centralis, which is area of clearest vision

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14
Q

optic chiasm

A

point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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15
Q

optic disc

A

region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. insensitive to light only contains nerve fibers known as the blind spot.

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16
Q

optic nerve

A

cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain.

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17
Q

pupil

A

central opening of the eye, surrounded by iris. appears dark

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18
Q

refraction

A

bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus for retina

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19
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones)

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20
Q

rod

A

photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in the dim light and for peripheral vision

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21
Q

sclera

A

tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

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22
Q

thalamus

A

relay center if the brain. optic nerve fibers pass through the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex

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23
Q

vitreous humor

A

soft jelly like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain shape of eyeball.

24
Q

pathway of light rays from cornea to brain

A

cornea, anterior chamber & aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous chamber, retina (rods and cones)// optic nerve fibers, optic chiasm, thalamus, cerebral cortex

25
Q

aque/o

A

water

26
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

27
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctivia

28
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

29
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

30
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body or

muscle of the eye

31
Q

dacry/o

A

tears, tear duct

32
Q

ir/o. irid/o

A

iris

33
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

34
Q

lacrim/o

A

tears

35
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

36
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

37
Q

opt/o. optic/o

A

eye, vision

38
Q

palpebr/o

A

eyelid

39
Q

papill/o

A

optic disc; nipple like

40
Q

phac/o. phak/o

A

lens of the eye

41
Q

pupill/o

A

pupil

42
Q

retin/o

A

retina

43
Q

scler/o

A

sclera;hard

white of the eye

44
Q

uve/o

A

uvea; vascular layer of eye

45
Q

vitre/o

A

glassy

46
Q

ambly/o

A

dull, dim

47
Q

dipl/o

A

double

48
Q

glauc/o

A

gray

49
Q

mi/o

A

small, less

50
Q

mydr/o

A

widen, enlarge

51
Q

nyct/o

A

night

52
Q

phot/o

A

light

53
Q

presby/o

A

old age

54
Q

scot/o

A

darkness

55
Q

xer/o

A

dry

56
Q

-opia

A

vision

57
Q

-opsia

A

vision

58
Q

-tropia

A

to turn

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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