Chapter 17 - Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Mental disorder

Answer 1

Any behaviour, thinking, or emotional state that causes a person to suffer and impairs their ability to work or get along with others or endangers the community
- diagnosed through clinical tests

Question 2

Things to consider when defining a mental disorder

Answer 2

1. ‘unusual’ behaviour
2. Insanity
   - can they control their behaviour and are they aware of the consequences of their actions?
3. Socially abnormal - violation of cultural norms?
4. Suffering?
   - could be doing odd actions but make them happy
   - mental disorders get in the way of normal life
5. Socially damaging/disruptive
   - harmful to others?

Question 3

Panic disorder

Answer 3

recurring attacks of intense fear or panic with rapid heart rate and dizziness. feels like you are dying
- can sometimes avoid things to avoid attacks

Question 4

Major Depressive Disorders

Answer 4

a mood disorder involving disturbances in emotion, behaviour, cognition, and bodily function

Diagnosis

• persistent
• disrupt daily function

Question 5

Bipolar and related disorders

Answer 5

• episodes of both depression and manic episodes occur

Question 6

Schizophrenia

Answer 6

characterized by a breakdown of thought processes and a lack of typical emotional responses

symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized, emotional flatness, impaired cognitive abilities

psychosis - loss of touch with reality

Question 7

Personality disorders

Answer 7

traits and patterns that are outside the normal continuum of personality traits

Question 8

Hypomanic episodes

Answer 8

like manic but less intense lasting about 4 days

Question 9

Bipolar I

Answer 9

presence of at least one full-fledged manic episode and usually depressive episodes

Question 10

Bipolar II

Answer 10

presence of major depressive episodes with at least one hypomanic episode but no full-fledged manic episodes

Question 11

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer 11

patients have prolonged periods that include hypomanic and depressive episodes but the episodes don’t meet bipolar disorder criteria

Question 12

Paranoid personality disorder

Answer 12

sense that others are out to get you

Question 13

Narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 13

exaggerated sense of self-importance and self-absorption

Question 14

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 14

form relationships that are deep and meaningful but can be very upset quickly; lashing out when they might abandon them

Question 15

Psychopathy

Answer 15

• not part of DSM 5
• emotional shortage and personality differences

ex) lack of empathy, thrill-seeking

not all psychopaths are antisocial - live without ever harming others but have emotional and personality features

Question 16

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 16

is in DSM5

• applied to someone who does antisocial behaviour (stealing, using people to get ahead, lack of concern for others, irresponsible)
• behaviour based and doesn’t require that someone lack social emotions like empathy

majority of people with APD are not psychopaths - don’t have emotional and personality features of a psychopath