Chapter 17: Minor Surgical Assisting in the Office Flashcards
Informed Consent
The process by which a patient receives information from the physician about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a proposed procedure in order to decide whether or not have the procedure or treatment
Preoperative Assessment
A brief assessment of the patient’s current and past medical history
Anesthetic Agents
The most commonly used topical anesthetic agents are Proparacaine, Tetracaine, and Lidocaine
The most commonly used injectable anesthetic is Lidocaine
Pledget
A small tuft of cotton or other absorbent material that may be soaked with a liquid medication for a more prolonged application time to the surface of the eye; often used with topical anesthetic agents to achieve optimal anesthetic prior to a minor surgical procedure
Sutures
To stitch a wound closed; the pattern of the stitch; or the thread-like material used to make the stitch
Absorbable Sutures
A form of suture that loses its tensile strength within 1-3 weeks, and is completed dissolved within 3 months
Nonabsorbable Sutures
A form of suture that is not dissolvable and will remain within the body
Forceps
A surgical instrument that is used to pick up tissue, tweezers or pincers
Scissors
A surgical instrument, used for cutting tissues
Needle Holders
A surgical instrument used to hold needles for suturing
Clamps
A surgical instrument used to compress or crush tissue tissue, or temporarily hold surgical sutures or drapes
Curettes
A scoop-shaped surgical tool used to scrape or remove unwanted tissue
Hemostasis
To control bleeding
Blade Handles and Blades
A surgical blade is used to make an incision in tissue, while the blade handle is used to hold the blade
Lacrimal Set
A group of instruments for identifying and clearing an obstructed tear duct
Punctal Dilator
Part of the lacrimal set that is used for enlarging the punctum
Syringe
An instrument used for injecting liquid into, or withdrawing liquid from, a cavity or blood vessel
Blunt Lacrimal Cannula
A tubular device used to pass into the tear system puncta and canaliculus
Lacrimal Probes
A blunt instrument used for exploring and clearing an obstruction of the tear duct
Cannula
A blunt-tipped tube used during surgery used for injecting or extracting fluid or air
Epilation
To remove abnormally directed eyelashes that rub against the ocular surface
Anterior Chamber Tap
To obtain a sample of the aqueous humor or to relieve elevated IOP
Foreign Body Removal
To remove a foreign body from the cornea or conjunctiva
Corneal Debridement
To remove the corneal epithelium in patients with a recurrent corneal erosion
Nasal Lacrimal duct Probing and Irrigation
To open an obstructed nasal lacrimal duct
Insertion of Punctal Plugs
To occlude 2 or more puncta in patients with symptomatic dry eye
Chalazion Excisiion
To remove a chalazion from the eyelid
Excision of Conjunctiva or Skin Lesions
To remove neoplasms (new growths) from the skin on or around the eyelids of from the conjunctiva
Suture Removal
To remove sutures from the skin around the eye, or the eye
Intravitreal Injection
To place needed medication into the vitreous
Retinal Lasers
To seal retinal breaks or to treat swelling in the retina
Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty and Selective Laser Trabeculostomy
To lower IOP by creating small burns in the trabecular meshwork that stretch the drainage holes in the meshwork, allowing aqueous humor to drain more easily
Iridotomy
To lower IOP by creating a hole in the iris that allows fluid to drain out of the eye, or to prevent angle-closure glaucoma in patients with narrow angles
Aseptic Technique
Encompasses all techniques involved in maintaining a sterile environment:
1) Using sterile instruments and supplies
2) Preparing the surgical site with germicide solutions while wearing sterile gloves
3) Performing a surgical scrub of your hands prior to putting on sterile gloves/gown
4) Handling all sterile equipment in a manner to maintain sterility
Sterile Operating Field
The surgical area and the materials within that area that have undergone sterilization
Surgical Site Preparation
1) Scrub in concentric circles, starting at the center of the surgical site
2) Never go back towards the center of the surgical site
3) Avoid using Chlorhexidine for the face
4) Avoid splashing scrub solution into the patient’s eye
Sterile Drapes
A large, sterile protective barrier sheet made of plastic, synthetic fiber, or cloth, placed around thee part of the body that is to undergo surgery
Preparing Sterile Field
A sterile layer must be put on prior to handling sterile instruments, a sterile layer must be put down on the area where instruments will be placed when not in use, and a sterile field needs to be applied to the patient
Assisting During Surgery
Includes:
1) Anticipate needs of surgeon
2) Handing instruments off
3) Recount surgical instruments and disposables
