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Psych 105 > Chapter 16 - Treatment of Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 16 - Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

why do many people avoid seeking treatment for mental illnesses?

A
  • people may not realize they have a mental disorder
  • barriers to treatment such as beliefs and circumstances may keep people from getting help
  • structural barriers prevent people from physically getting to treatment
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2
Q

what are the three main approaches to treatment?

A
  • psychological treatment
  • biological treatment
  • a combination of psychological and biological treatment
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3
Q

a type of treatment where people interact with clinicians and the environment is used to change a person’s brain and behaviour

A

psychological treatment

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4
Q

a type of treatment where the brain is treated with drugs, surgery, or some other direct intervention

A

biological treatment

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5
Q

a type of psychological treatment where the interaction between a socially sanctioned clinician and someone suffering from a psychological problem with the goal being to provide support or relief from problem

A

psychotherapy

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6
Q

a type of psychological treatment that involves drawing on techniques from different forms of therapy

A

eclectic psychotherapy

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7
Q

a type of psychotherapy where you explore childhood events and encourage indidivudals to use this understanding to develop insight into their psychological problems

A

psychodynamic psychotherapy

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8
Q

a form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships

A

interpersonal psychotherapy

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9
Q

feelings can be traced to failure to reach one’s potential

A

humanistic approach

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10
Q

feelings stem from failure to find meaning in life

A

existential approach

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11
Q

a form of psychotherapy that assumes all individuals tend towards growth

A

person-centred therapy

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12
Q

what are the three best qualities of a good therapist in person-centred therapy?

A

congruence, empathy, and unconditional positive regard

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13
Q

a type of therapy where the goal is to help the client become aware of thoughts, behaviours, experiences, and feelings and owning or take responsibility for them

A

Gestalt therapy

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14
Q

what are the best qualities of a good therapist in Gestalt therapy?

A

enthusiastic and warm

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15
Q

a type of therapy that involves changing maladaptive behaviour patterns

A

behaviour therapy

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16
Q

a type of therapy that helps a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world

A

cognitive therapy

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17
Q

teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs

A

cognitive restructuring

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18
Q

teaches an individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of their thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they becomes a problem

A

mindfulness meditation

19
Q
  • problem-focused
  • action-oriented
  • encourages transparency between therapist and client
    these are all characteristics of:
A

cognitive-behavioural therapy

20
Q

multiple participants work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere

A

group therapy

21
Q

involves discussion or internet chat groups that focus on a particular disorder or difficult life experience

A

self-help and support groups

22
Q

the most comon approach to treating psychological disorders

A

drugs targetting specific neurotransmitters

23
Q

antipsychotic medications are to to treat:

A

schizophrenia

24
Q

chloropromazine, thioridazine, and haloperidol are types of:

A

anitpsychotic medications

25
Q

how do antipsychotic medications exert their effect?

A

block dopamine receptors in certain parts of the brain

26
Q

antipsychotic medications work well for _________ symptoms, but not _________ symptoms that require increase in dopamine at synapses

A

positive, negative

27
Q

drugs that help reduce a person’s experience of fear or anxiety

A

antianxiety medications

28
Q

how do antianxiety medications work?

A

facilitating GABA action

29
Q

benzodiazapines such as diazepam, lorazepam, and alprazolam are examples of:

A

common antianxiety medications

30
Q

what are the two classes of antidepressants?

A
  • monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
  • tricyclic antidepressents
31
Q

what are the two most commonly used antidepressents?

A
  • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)
  • serotonin and noerpinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
32
Q

how do antidepressants work?

A

act on neurotramsitters by inhibiting their breakdown and blocking reuptake

33
Q

how is bipolar disorder treated?

A

mood stabilizers such as lithium and valproate

34
Q

true or false: antidepressants are commonly used to treat bipolar disorder

A

false.

35
Q

involves repeated exposure to bright light

A

phototherapy

36
Q

a type of treatment that involves inducing a mild seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain

A

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

37
Q

involves placing a powerful pulsed magnet over a person’s scalp, which alters neuronal activity in the brain

A

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

38
Q

involves surgical destruction of specific brain areas to treat severe and unresponsive psychological disorders (rarely used today)

A

psychosurgery

39
Q

invoves the insertion of battery-powered electrodes that deliver electrical pulses to specific brain areas believed to be causing a person’s mental disorder (maily used to treat Parkinson’s)

A

deep brain stimulation (DBS)

40
Q

the tendency of symptoms to return to their mean or average level

A

natural improvement

41
Q

inert substance or procedure that has been applied with the expectation that a healing response will be produced

A

placebo effects

42
Q

when the client’s motication to get well causes errors in memory for the original symptoms

A

reconstructive memory

43
Q

Hans Eysenck reviewed the effectiveness of psychotherapy across studies and found it

A

impedes recovery

44
Q

a disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of a medical or psychotherapeutic treatment itself (ex: hypnosis)

A

iatrogenic illness

Psych 105 (9 decks)

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