Chapter 16- Microbiology And Biotechnology Flashcards
1
Q
Generally describe microbes
A
- very very very small (except for some fungi)
- bacteria, viruses, fungi
- huge numbers
- found everywhere
2
Q
Viruses
A
- smallest
- cannot reproduce
- increase numbers by invading other cells => live off living things => parasite
- hard o kill, controlled by antibodies
3
Q
Viruses cause…
A
Measles Chicken pox Polio Colds Imfluenza Cold sores AIDS
4
Q
Bacteria
A
Simple, don’t have nuclei
- need : food, right temp, water, right pH
- produce asexually
- Decomposers and parasites
- returns material to soil to support new growth
5
Q
Antibiotics
A
Chemicals made by bacteria/fungi that kill/prevent reproduction of othe bacteria
6
Q
Bacteria cause….
A
Cholera Sore throats Tooth decay Pneumonia TB Food poisoning
7
Q
Useful and harmful effects of bacteria
A
Useful -decay remains
- make food eg. Cheese, butter, yoghurt
- used in biotechnology
Harmful- cause disease
- Destroy foods eg. Spoil milk
- destroy crops
8
Q
Fungi
A
- Simple plants, don’t contain chlorophyll
- cannot make own food
- Decomposers
- some are single celled eg. Yeast
9
Q
Uses and harms of fungi
A
Useful - Decomposers
- can be eaten
- used to make alcohol
Harmful- cause disease eg. Athlete’s foot
- some are poisonous
- cause food to rot eg. Bread mould
10
Q
Biotechnology
A
Yeast-> alcohol
Bacteria -> enzymes to clean clothes
Bacteria And fungi -> antibodies, hormones
11
Q
Microorganisms are also called ______
A
Microbes
