Chapter 16 - Autonomic Flashcards
What are the two subgroups of the Peripheral Nerves?
Sensory Neurons- Carry AP from the periphery to the CNS
Motor Neurons- Carry AP from the CNS to effector organs.
Sensory neurons carry info up the hill. Motor Neurons carry info down the hill.
What are the two types of motor neurons?
Somatic Motor Neurons - Supply information to the skeletal muscles.
Autonomic Motor Neurons - Supply infornation to the smooth/cardiac muscle.
Describe the cell bodies of Somatic Motor Neurons
These cell bodies are located in the CNS.
Their axons extend from CNS to skeletal muscle and the tails of the axon can sometimes be quite long.
Controlled consciously most of the times.
Describe the cell bodies of Autonomic Motor Neurons
Contain 2 Neurons. 1-preganglionic 2- postganglionic
Body of 1st neuron in CNS body of 2nd neuron in autonomic ganglia.
Synapse within the autonomic ganglia.
Unconcious control.
What is the composition of white and grey matter in the spinal cord?
Grey matter in the inside surrounded by white matter
Where are the preganglionic cell bodies found in the Sympathetic Division?
Lateral Horns of the Spinal Cord.
What is the structure that first axon passes through before it gets to its effector organ?
Chain Ganglia
What are the four nerve paths that are part of the Sympathetic Division?
1) Spinal Nerves: Exits spinal cord and synapses with Chain Ganglia. Then travels to skin.
2) Sympathetic Nerves: Exits spinal cord and synapses with Chain Ganglia. Then travels to thoracic viscera.
3) Splanchnic Nerves: Travel through chain ganglion without synapse then synapse in Collateral Ganglia. Then travels to abdomino-pelvic viscera.
4) Innvervation of the adrenal gland: Leave spinal cord and synapse with Adrenal Medulla of the Adrenal Gland. Then secrets Epinephrine.
Where are the nuerons for the parasympathetic neurons found?
Located both superior and inferior to the thoracic and lumbar regions.
Where do the axons of the parasympathetic division synapse before reaching the effector organ?
Terminal ganglia which is found very close to the target organ.
Describe the enteric system?
Consists of an extensive network of nerves found in the wall of the digestive tract.
What is the role of the sympathetic Division?
Prepares organism for physical activity and stress.
What is the role of the parasympathetic Division?
Involved in reversing the symathetic functions. SLUDD: Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Digestion, Defication.
What are neurotransmitters?
Primary substances released by neurons of the ANS. Eases the passage of info.
What are the two neurotransmitters?
Cholinergic Neurons: release ACH (acetylcholine)
Adrenergic Neurons: release nor-epinephrine
