Chapter 16

Question 1

Asylum

Answer 1

Institution created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders

Question 2

Aversive Conditioning

Answer 2

Counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Question 3

Behavior Therapy

Answer 3

Therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors.

Question 4

Biomedical Therapy

Answer 4

Treatment that involves medication and/or medical procedures to treat psychological disorders

Question 5

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 5

Form of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person’s thoughts lead to feelings of distress, with the aim of helping them change these irrational thoughts

Question 6

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Answer 6

Form of psychotherapy that aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors

Question 7

Comorbid Disorder

Answer 7

Individual who has two or more diagnoses, which often includes a substance abuse diagnosis and another psychiatric diagnosis, such as depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia

Question 8

Confidentiality

Answer 8

Therapist cannot disclose confidential communications to any third party, unless mandated or permitted by law

Question 9

Counterconditioning

Answer 9

Classical conditioning therapeutic technique in which a client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior

Question 10

Couples Therapy

Answer 10

Two people in an intimate relationship, such as husband and wife, who are having difficulties and are trying to resolve them with therapy

Question 11

Cultural Competence

Answer 11

Therapist’s understanding and attention to issues of race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Question 12

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 12

Process of closing large asylums and integrating peoples back into the community where they can be treated locally

Question 13

Dream Analysis

Answer 13

Technique in psychoanalysis in which patients recall their dreams and the psychoanalyst interprets them to reveal unconscious desires or struggles

Question 14

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Answer 14

Type of biomedical therapy that involves using an electrical current to induce seizures in a person to help alleviate the effects of severe depression

Question 15

Exposure Therapy

Answer 15

Counterconditioning technique in which a therapist seeks to treat a client’s fear or anxiety by presenting the feared object or situation with the idea that the person will eventually get used to it

Question 15

Family Therapy

Answer 15

Special form of group therapy consisting of one or more families

Question 16

Free Association

Answer 16

Technique in psychoanalysis in which the patient says whatever comes to mind at the moment

Question 17

Group Therapy

Answer 17

Treatment modality in which 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meet together with a trained clinician

Question 18

Humanistic Therapy

Answer 18

Therapeutic orientation aimed at helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Question 19

Individual Therapy

Answer 19

Treatment modality in which the client and clinician meet one-on-one

Question 20

Intake

Answer 20

Therapist’s first meeting with the client in which the therapist gathers specific information to address the client’s immediate needs

Question 21

Involuntary Treatment

Answer 21

Therapy that is mandated by the courts or other systems

Question 22

Nondirective Therapy

Answer 22

Therapeutic approach in which the therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but helps the person identify conflicts and understand feelings

Question 23

Play Therapy

Answer 23

Therapeutic process, often used with children, that employs toys to help them resolve psychological problems

Question 24

Psychoanalysis

Answer 24

Therapeutic orientation developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings

Question 25

Psychotherapy

Answer 25

(also, psychodynamic psychotherapy) psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personall problems, or to attain personal growth

Question 26

Rational Emotive Therapy (RET)

Answer 26

Form of cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 27

Relapse

Answer 27

Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse

Question 28

Rogerian (client-centered therapy)

Answer 28

Non-directive form of humanistic psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers that emphasizes unconditional positive regard and self-acceptance

Question 29

Strategic Family Therapy

Answer 29

Therapist guides the therapy sessions and develops treatment plans for each family member for specific problems that can addressed in a short amount of time

Question 30

Structural Family Therapy

Answer 30

Therapist examines and discusses with the family the boundaries and structure of the family: who makes the rules, who sleeps in the bed with whom, how decisions are made, and what are the boundaries within the family

Question 31

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 31

Form of exposure therapy used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by exposing a person to the feared object or situation through a stimulus hierarchy

Question 32

Token Economy

Answer 32

Controlled setting where individuals are reinforce for desirable behaviors with tokens (e.g., poker chip) that can be exchanged for items or privileges

Question 33

Transference

Answer 33

Process in psychoanalysis in which the patient transfers all of the positive or negative emotions associated with the patient’s other relationships to the psychoanalyst

Question 34

Unconditional Positive Regard

Answer 34

Fundamental Acceptance of a person regardless of what they say or do; term associated with humanistic psychology

Question 35

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Answer 35

Uses a simulation rather than the actual feared object or situation to help people conquer their fears

Question 36

Voluntary Treatment

Answer 36

Therapy that a person chooses to attend in order to obtain relief from her symptoms