Chapter 12

Question 1

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 1

Eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise

Question 2

Bariatric Surgery

Answer 2

Type of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limiting how much of the digested food can be absorbed

Question 3

Basolateral Complex

Answer 3

Part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory

Question 4

Binge Eating Disorder

Answer 4

Type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress

Question 5

Bisexual

Answer 5

Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to those of the same gender or to those of another gender

Question 6

Body Language

Answer 6

Emotional expression through body position or movement

Question 7

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 7

Type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Question 8

Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

Answer 8

Physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time

Question 9

Central Nucleus

Answer 9

Part of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems’ activity

Question 10

Cognitive-Mediational Theory

Answer 10

Our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus

Question 11

Components of Emotion

Answer 11

Physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience

Question 12

Cultural Display Rule

Answer 12

One of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable

Question 13

Distorted Body Image

Answer 13

Individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not

Question 14

Drive Theory

Answer 14

Deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis

Question 15

Emotion

Answer 15

Subjective state of being often described as feelings

Question 16

Excitement

Answer 16

Phase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousal

Question 17

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 17

Motivation that arises from external factors or rewards

Question 18

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Answer 18

Facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions

Question 19

Gender Dysphoria

Answer 19

Diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who experience enduring distress as a result of their gender identity not aligning with their sex assigned at birth

Question 20

Gender Identity

Answer 20

Individual’s sense of being male, female, neither of these, both of these, or another gender

Question 21

Habit

Answer 21

Pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

Question 22

Heterosexual

Answer 22

Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attractions to opposite-sex individuals

Question 23

Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 23

Spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization

Question 24

Instinct

Answer 24

Species-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearned

Question 25

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 25

Motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards

Question 26

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

Answer 26

Emotions arise from physiological arousal

Question 27

Leptin

Answer 27

Satiety hormone

Question 28

Metabolic Rate

Answer 28

Amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time

Question 29

Motivation.

Answer 29

Wants of needs that direct behavior toward some goal

Question 30

Obese

Answer 30

Adult with a BMI of 30 or higher

Question 31

Orgasm

Answer 31

Peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)

Question 32

Overweight

Answer 32

Adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9

Question 33

Plateau

Answer 33

Phase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasm

Question 34

Polygraph

Answer 34

Lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions

Question 35

Refractory Period

Answer 35

Time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm

Question 36

Resolution

Answer 36

Phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state

Question 37

Satiation

Answer 37

Fullness; satisfaction (related to food)

Question 38

Schachter-Singer Two-Factory Theory of Emotion

Answer 38

Emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive

Question 39

Self-Efficacy

Answer 39

Individual’s belief in their own capabilities or capacities to complete a task

Question 40

Set Point Theory

Answer 40

Assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change

Question 41

Severe Obesity

Answer 41

Adult with a BMI over 40

Question 42

Sexual Orientation

Answer 42

Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to other people or no people

Question 43

Sexual Response Cycle

Answer 43

Divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

Question 44

Transgender Hormone Therapy

Answer 44

Use of hormones to make one’s body look more like a different sex or gender

Question 45

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Answer 45

Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower