Chapter 12 Flashcards
Anorexia Nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise
Bariatric Surgery
Type of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limiting how much of the digested food can be absorbed
Basolateral Complex
Part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory
Binge Eating Disorder
Type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress
Bisexual
Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to those of the same gender or to those of another gender
Body Language
Emotional expression through body position or movement
Bulimia Nervosa
Type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time
Central Nucleus
Part of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems’ activity
Cognitive-Mediational Theory
Our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus
Components of Emotion
Physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience
Cultural Display Rule
One of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable
Distorted Body Image
Individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not
Drive Theory
Deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis
Emotion
Subjective state of being often described as feelings
Excitement
Phase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousal
Extrinsic Motivation
Motivation that arises from external factors or rewards
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions
Gender Dysphoria
Diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who experience enduring distress as a result of their gender identity not aligning with their sex assigned at birth
Gender Identity
Individual’s sense of being male, female, neither of these, both of these, or another gender
Habit
Pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.
Heterosexual
Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attractions to opposite-sex individuals
Hierarchy of Needs
Spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization
Instinct
Species-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearned
Intrinsic Motivation
Motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Emotions arise from physiological arousal
Leptin
Satiety hormone
Metabolic Rate
Amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time
Motivation.
Wants of needs that direct behavior toward some goal
Obese
Adult with a BMI of 30 or higher
Orgasm
Peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)
Overweight
Adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9
Plateau
Phase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasm
Polygraph
Lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions
Refractory Period
Time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm
Resolution
Phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state
Satiation
Fullness; satisfaction (related to food)
Schachter-Singer Two-Factory Theory of Emotion
Emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive
Self-Efficacy
Individual’s belief in their own capabilities or capacities to complete a task
Set Point Theory
Assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change
Severe Obesity
Adult with a BMI over 40
Sexual Orientation
Emotional, romantic, and/or erotic attraction to other people or no people
Sexual Response Cycle
Divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Transgender Hormone Therapy
Use of hormones to make one’s body look more like a different sex or gender
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower
