Chapter 15 - Special Senses Flashcards
Neuronal pathway for olfaction
- Olfactory neurons in olfactory epithelium
- Pass through cribiform plate to olfactory bulb
- Synapse with associated neurons
- Olfactory cortex of frontal lobe
Types of papillae
-Filiform
-Vallate
-Foliate
-Fungiform
Filiform papillae
-Most numerous
-No taste buds
Vallate papillae
-Largest
-Least numerous
-Form V along anterior/posterior border on tongue
Foliate papillae
-Leaf-shaped
-In folds on sides of tongue
-Most sensitive taste buds
-Decrease in number with age
Fungiform papillae
-Mushroom-shaped
-Scattered irregularly over surface of tongue
-Look like small red dots
What is the most sensitive taste receptor on the lateral aspects of the tongue?
Sour
What are the least sensitive taste receptor types?
Salty and sweet
What is the most sensitive receptor type on the tip of the tongue?
Sweet
What are the most sensitive receptor type in general?
Bitter
What tastes are craved for by humans?
Sweet, salty, and umami
Neuronal pathways for taste
-Chorda tympani; anterior 1/3 of tongue (part of nerve VII)
-Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX); posterior 1/3 of tongue, vallate papillae and superior pharynx
-Vafus nerve (X); taste from epiglottis
Vision accessory structures
-Eyebrows
-Eyelids (palpebral fissure, canthi)
-Eyelashes
-Conjunctiva (palpebral and bulbar)
Tunics of the eye
-Fibrous (sclera and cornea)
-Vascular (choroid, ciliary body, iris)
-Nervous (retina)
Retina layers
-Pigmented (help separate sensory cells, reduce light scattering)
-Sensory (inner layer of rods and cones sensitive to light)
