Chapter 10 - Gross Muscular Anatomy

Question 1

Flexors of elbow

Answer 1

-Brachialis
-Biceps brachii
-Brachioradialis

Question 2

Extensors of elbow

Answer 2

-Triceps brachii
-Aconeus

Question 3

What are the things muscles are named according to?

Answer 3

-Shape
-Size
-Location
-Function
-Orientation of fascicles
-Origin/insertion
-Number of heads

Question 4

Class 1 Levers

Answer 4

-Fulcrum is between the weight and the force
-Ex a seesaw, or the head movement at the atlantoocipital joint

Question 5

Class 2 Levers

Answer 5

-Weight is between fulcrum and pull
-Ex wheelbarrow, or standing on toes (metatarsophalangeal joint)

Question 6

Class 3 Levers

Answer 6

-Pull is located between fulcrum and weight
-Ex person with a shovel
-Ex biceps brachii with elbow as fulcrum

Question 7

Four muscle groups of the rib cage

Answer 7

-Scalenes
-External intercostals
-Internal intercostals and transverse thoracis
-Diaphram

Question 8

Scalenes

Answer 8

-Rib muscle group
-Elevate 1st two ribs during inspiration

Question 9

External intercostals

Answer 9

-Rib muscle group
-Elevate the ribs

Question 10

Internal intercostals and transverse thoracis

Answer 10

-Rib muscle group
-Depress ribs during expiration

Question 11

Diaphram

Answer 11

-Rib muscle group
-Responsible for normal, quiet breathing
-Flattens during contraction and increases the volume of the thoracic cavity (resulting in inspiration)

Question 12

Palatopharyngeus

Answer 12

Elevates the pharynx while swallowing

Question 13

Salpingopharyngeus

Answer 13

Constricts pharynx from superior to inferior, forcing food into esophagus

Question 14

Rectus muscles of eyeball

Answer 14

-Insert on sclera anterior to center of sphere
-Move eyeball laterally, superiorly, inferiorly, and medially

Question 15

Oblique muscles of eyeball

Answer 15

-Insert into posterolateral margin of eyeball
-Both laterally deviate the eyeball

Question 16

Transversus abdominis

Answer 16

Compresses abdominal wall

Question 17

Pelvic diaphragm

Answer 17

-Funnel-shaped
-Supports pelvic viscera
-Pierced by anal canal, urethra, and vagina

Question 18

Perineum

Answer 18

-Diamond-shaped area inferior to pelvic diaphragm
-Anterior half is urogenital triangle
-Posterior half is anal triangle

Question 19

Deltoid movements

Answer 19

-Abducts and medially and laterally rotates the arm
-Acts as flexor and extensor of the shoulder (with pectoralis major)

Question 20

Muscles that attach arm to thorax

Answer 20

-Latissimus dorsi
-Pectoralis major

Question 21

Rotator cuff

Answer 21

-Subscapularis
-Infraspinatus
-Supraspinatus
-Teres minor

Question 22

Rotator cuff movements

Answer 22

-Flexion
-Extension
-Abduction
-Adduction
-Rotation
-Circumduction

Question 23

Muscles involved in supination of forearm

Answer 23

-Supinator
-Biceps brachii

Question 24

Muscles involved in pronation of forearm

Answer 24

-Pronator quadratus
-Pronator teres

Question 25

Quadriceps femoralis movement

Answer 25

Extension of leg at knee

Question 26

Sartorius movement

Answer 26

-Flexes hip and knee -Laterally rotates thigh

Question 27

Hamstrings movement

Answer 27

Flexion and rotation of knee

Question 28

Rectus femoralis movement

Answer 28

Flexes the hip

Question 29

Three leg compartments

Answer 29

-Lateral -Anterior -Posterior

Question 30

Lateral leg compartment movements

Answer 30

-Plantar flexion -Eversion

Question 31

Anterior leg compartment movements

Answer 31

-Extensors involved in dorsiflexion and eversion/inversion of foot -Extension of toes

Question 32

Posterior leg compartment movements

Answer 32

-Superficial muscles (plantar tendon) have common tendon of insertion - Achilles -Deep muscles: plantar flex, invert foot

Question 33

Contracting the right sternocleidomastoid muscle would ...

Answer 33

Lateral flex and rotate the head to the left

Question 34

What muscle is used to walk on the ball of the foot (tip toe)?

Answer 34

Gastrocnemius

Question 35

What muscle extends the digits 2-5 on the foot?

Answer 35

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 36

Deep ankle extensors

Answer 36

-Tibialis posterior -Fibularis longus -Fibularis brevis

Question 37

Ankle extensors

Answer 37

-Plantaris -Gastrocneumius -Soleus -Fibularis brevis

Question 38

Digital flexors

Answer 38

-Flexor digitorum longus -Flexor hallucis longus

Question 39

Flexors of the knee

Answer 39

-Biceps femoris -Semitendinosus -Semimembranosus -Sartorius -Popliteus

Question 40

Extensors of the knee

Answer 40

-Rectus femoris -Vastus lateralis -Vastus medialis

Question 41

Gluteal group

Answer 41

-Gluteus maximus -Gluteus medius -Gluteus minimus -Tensor fasciae latae

Question 42

Ankle flexors

Answer 42

Tibialis anterior

Question 43

Digital extensors

Answer 43

Extensor digitorum longus