Chapter 15 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
DSM
system containing the American Psychiatric Association criteria for mental disorders
Prevalence
amount of people in a population that have a mental illness
Co-morbidity
the diagnoses of 2 or more psychological disorders at the same time
Categorical model
disorder is either present or it’s not (DSM)
Dimensional model
there can be levels of a disorder (non-DSM)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
continuous feelings of worry, anxiety or physical tension; harms normal bodily functioning
Panic disorder
repeated and unexpected panic attacks, concerned about a future attack and tries to avoid situations in which they can happen
Phobia
an intense fear about something that is greatly out of proportion of it’s actual threat
Social anxiety disorder
fear of negative evaluation in social situations
OCD
marked by repeated and lengthy immersion in obsessions or compulsions or both
Catastrophizing
making small things into a big deal (eg, going to die by opening the door)
Catastrophizing
making small things into a big deal (eg, going to die by opening the door)
Major depressive episode - highly related to suicide
person experiences long depressed mood and it affects amount of pleasurable activities, appetite, weight
Learned helplessness
feel helpless in events we can’t control
Bipolar disorder (most genetically influenced) - highly related to suicide
switching between depressive and manic moods
Major suicide risk factors
- Depression
- Hopelessness
- Substance abuse
- Schizophrenia
- Homosexuality
Borderline personality disorder
extreme instability in mood, identity, and impulse control
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
the presence of 2 or more personality states that take control of a person’s behaviour
Schizophrenia
severe disorder of thought and emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality
Schizophrenia
severe disorder of thought and emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality; passed on genetically
Catatonic schizophrenia
Waxy flexibility, echolalia
Paranoid schizophrenia
Delusions of persecution
Disorganized schizophrenia
illogical, incoherent thoughts and speech; flat or inappropriate emotion
Classical Conditioning
how phobias develop
Operant Conditioning
how phobias are maintained
